With this 100% online Postgraduate Diploma, you will master the most innovative strategies for managing common pathologies during pregnancy and provide top-quality prenatal care” 

The challenges that may arise during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period are diverse, and the midwife's intervention can be key to preventing them or reducing their impact on both the mother and the baby. In recent decades, clinical protocols have significantly evolved, improving the safety and well-being of pregnant women. Currently, prenatal treatments can be administered to women carrying infectious bacteria, early diagnostic guidelines can be established for ectopic pregnancies, and lung and neurological maturation can be promoted in preterm infants. According to recent studies, the implementation of advanced strategies in maternal and child care has reduced the incidence of obstetric complications by 30%, reinforcing the importance of up-to-date nursing practice. 

Given that this field is constantly evolving, knowledge updates are essential. Therefore, TECH Global University, in its commitment to healthcare professions, has designed a comprehensive program that allows specialists to delve into the clinical management of pregnancy-related pathologies. This Master’s Degree offers 1,500 hours of updated educational materials, addressing key topics such as high-risk pregnancies, congenital fetal defects, and prenatal diagnostics. Through a practical approach, students will be able to learn about the latest advances in diagnostic techniques and intervention strategies, ensuring comprehensive preparation in obstetric care. 

The program methodology is 100% online, offering complete flexibility for specialists to balance their professional development with their work responsibilities. Through TECH’s Virtual Campus, accessible from any device with internet connection, students can access all content without time restrictions or the need for in-person classes. 

Additionally, the program includes contributions from two prestigious International Guest Directors, experts in Obstetrics and Virology, who will deliver comprehensive Masterclasses. 

Delve into Pregnancy Pathologies alongside two renowned International Guest Directors, who will deliver a total of 20 comprehensive Masterclasses” 

This Master's Degree in Pregnancy Pathologies for Midwives contains the most complete and up-to-date university program on the market. Its most notable features are:

• The development of practical cases presented by experts in Pregnancy Pathologies for Midwives  
• The graphic, schematic, and practical contents with which they are created, provide scientific and practical information on the disciplines that are essential for professional practice 
• Practical exercises where the self-assessment process can be carried out to improve learning 
• Special emphasis on innovative methodologies in Pregnancy Pathologies for Midwives 
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection assignments 
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an internet connection 

Updating your knowledge on the legal interruption of pregnancy will allow you to explore key specifications to guide your patients accurately” 

The teaching staff includes professionals from the field of Pregnancy Pathologies for Midwives, who bring the experience of their work into this program, alongside recognized specialists from leading societies and prestigious universities. 

The multimedia content, developed with the latest educational technology, will provide the professional with situated and contextual learning, i.e., a simulated environment that will provide an immersive learning experience designed to prepare for real-life situations. 

This program is designed around Problem-Based Learning, whereby the student must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise throughout the program. For this purpose, the professional will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system created by renowned and experienced experts. 

Implementing the most effective therapeutic strategies will help you prevent psychological issues during the postpartum period, such as Postpartum Depression"

You will deepen your knowledge of the most up-to-date Obstetric Emergency protocols, enabling you to act quickly in cases of Hemorrhage or Infections"

The educational materials that make up this Postgraduate Diploma have been developed by a team of specialists in Obstetric Nursing. As a result, the curriculum will cover the main pathologies and complications during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, enabling graduates to identify risks and apply appropriate intervention strategies. Additionally, the syllabus will delve into the most advanced techniques to optimize maternal and child care, promoting initiatives aimed at improving the safety and well-being of both the mother and the newborn. 

You will optimize pain management and emotional support for pregnant women with complications, ensuring compassionate care” 

Module 1. Concept of High-Risk Pregnancy. First-Trimester Hemorrhages. Congenital Fetal Defects. Prenatal Diagnosis 

1.1. Approach to High-Risk Pregnancy 

1.1.1. Sociodemographic Risk

1.1.1.1. Adolescent Pregnancy. Special Considerations 
1.1.1.2. Mother with Substance Abuse Issues

1.1.1.2.1. Principles of Drug Teratogenesis
1.1.1.2.2. Alcohol 
1.1.1.2.3. Cocaine
1.1.1.2.4. Heroin
1.1.1.2.5. Other Drugs: Marijuana, Cannabis

1.1.2. Occupational Risk During Pregnancy. Ergonomics. Exposure to Radiation 
1.1.3. Reproductive Risk 
1.1.4. Current Pregnancy Risk 
1.1.5. Medical Risk 

1.2. Spontaneous Abortion 

1.2.1. Definition and Epidemiology
1.2.2. Main Causes of Abortion
1.2.3. Clinical Forms of Abortion

1.2.3.1. Threatened Abortion
1.2.3.2. Ongoing Abortion
1.2.3.3. Complete Abortion
1.2.3.4. Incomplete Abortion
1.2.3.5. Missed Abortion 
1.2.3.6. Recurrent Abortions: Concept and Approach

1.2.4. Diagnosis 

1.2.4.1. Anamnesis
1.2.4.2. Physical Examination
1.2.4.3. Ultrasound 
1.2.4.4. Beta-hCG Determination

1.2.5. Treatment of Spontaneous Abortion

1.2.5.1. Medical Treatment
1.2.5.2. Surgical Treatment

1.2.6. Complications 

1.2.6.1. Sepsis or Septic Abortion
1.2.6.2. Hemorrhage and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

1.2.7. Post-abortion Care

1.3. Ectopic or Extrauterine Pregnancy 

1.3.1. Concept and Risk Factors
1.3.2. Clinical Presentation
1.3.3. Clinical and Ultrasound Diagnosis
1.3.3. Types of Extrauterine Gestation: Tubal, Ovarian, Abdominal, etc.
1.3.4. Therapeutic Management and Post-care

1.4. Gestational Trophoblastic Disease 

1.4.1. Concept
1.4.2. Clinical Forms of Hydatidiform Mole

1.4.2.1. Partial Mole
1.4.2.2. Complete Mole

1.4.3. Clinical Forms of Trophoblastic Neoplasia

1.4.3.1. Invasive Mole and Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor
1.4.3.2. Choriocarcinoma

1.4.4. Clinical and Ultrasound Diagnosis
1.4.5. Treatment
1.4.6. Care and Post-care Complications

1.5. Congenital Fetal Defects Due to Genetic Causes

1.5.1. Types of Chromosomal Abnormalities

1.5.1.1. Aneuploidies
1.5.1.2. Structural Abnormalities 
1.5.1.3. Sex-linked Abnormalities

1.5.2. Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques. Inclusion Criteria 

1.5.2.1. Invasive Techniques
1.5.2.2. Non-Invasive Techniques

1.5.3. Genetic Counseling

1.6. Congenital Fetal Defects Secondary to Infections: TORCH I 

1.6.1. Toxoplasmosis

1.6.1.1. Etiological Agent, Clinical Features, and Epidemiology
1.6.1.2. Prevention 
1.6.1.3. Diagnosis
1.6.1.4. Treatment
1.6.1.5. Congenital Toxoplasmosis

1.6.2. Rubella 

1.6.2.1. Etiological Agent, Clinical Features, and Epidemiology
1.6.2.2. Prevention and Vaccination
1.6.2.3. Diagnosis
1.6.2.4. Treatment
1.6.2.5. Congenital Rubella Infection

1.7. Congenital Fetal Defects Secondary to Infections: TORCH II 

1.7.1. Cytomegalovirus

1.7.1.1. Etiological Agent, Clinical Features, and Epidemiology
1.7.1.2. Prevention 
1.7.1.3. Diagnosis
1.7.1.4. Treatment
1.7.1.5. Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection

1.7.2. Chickenpox

1.7.2.1. Etiological Agent, Clinical Features, and Epidemiology
1.7.2.2. Prevention and Vaccination
1.7.2.3. Diagnosis
1.7.2.4. Treatment
1.7.2.5. Congenital Varicella Infection
1.7.2.6. Maternal Complications from Varicella

1.8. Congenital Fetal Defects Secondary to Infections: TORCH III 

1.8.1. Herpes Simplex Virus

1.8.1.1. Etiological Agent, Clinical Features, and Epidemiology
1.8.1.2. Prevention
1.8.1.3. Diagnosis
1.8.1.4. Treatment
1.8.1.5. Congenital Herpes Simplex Infection

1.8.2. Syphilis

1.8.2.1. Etiological Agent, Clinical Features, and Epidemiology
1.8.2.2. Prevention 
1.8.2.3. Diagnosis
1.8.2.4. Treatment
1.8.2.5. Congenital Syphilis

1.9. Other Infections that cause Fetal Problems

1.9.1. Parvovirus B19

1.9.1.1. Etiological Agent, Clinical Features, and Epidemiology
1.9.1.2. Prevention 
1.9.1.3. Diagnosis
1.9.1.4. Treatment
1.9.1.5. Congenital Parvovirus Infection

1.9.2. Listeria

1.9.2.1. Etiological Agent, Clinical Features, and Epidemiology
1.9.2.2. Prevention and Vaccination
1.9.2.3. Diagnosis
1.9.2.4. Treatment
1.9.2.5. Congenital Listeria Infection

1.10. HIV and Pregnancy

1.10.1. Epidemiology
1.10.2. Screening During Pregnancy and Diagnosis
1.10.3. Clinical Management and Treatment
1.10.4. Childbirth in a Woman with HIV Positive Status 
1.10.5. Neonatal Care and Vertical Infection

Module 2. Pregnant Woman with Digestive System Disorders

2.1. Neurovegetative Disorders 

2.1.1. Appetite Disorders 
2.1.2. Sialorrhea 
2.1.3. Nausea and Vomiting 

2.2. Hyperemesis Gravidarum 

2.2.1. Concept 
2.2.2. Etiopathogenesis 
2.2.3. Clinical Manifestations 
2.2.4. Diagnosis 
2.2.5. Treatment and Care 

2.3. Oral Conditions 

2.3.1. Dental Caries During Pregnancy 
2.3.2. Pregnancy Epulis 
2.3.3. Gingivitis 
2.3.4. Perimylolysis 
2.3.5. Xerostomia 

2.4. Heartburn and Peptic Ulcer in Pregnancy 

2.4.1. Concept 
2.4.2. Effect of Pregnancy on Heartburn and Peptic Ulcer 
2.4.3. Treatment and Hygienic Measures 

2.5. Constipation During Pregnancy 

2.5.1. Definition: ROMA criteria 
2.5.2. Etiology 
2.5.3. Diagnosis 
2.5.4. Treatment 

2.5.4.1. Non-Pharmacological Treatment 
2.5.4.2. Pharmacological Treatment 

2.6. Inflammatory Bowel Disease 

2.6.1. Crohn's Disease 

2.6.1.1. Preconception Counseling 
2.6.1.2. Impact of Gestation on the Disease 
2.6.1.3. Diagnosis During Pregnancy 
2.6.1.4. Treatment 

2.6.2. Ulcerative Colitis 

2.6.2.1. Preconception Counseling 
2.6.2.2. Impact of Gestation on the Disease 
2.6.2.3. Diagnosis During Pregnancy 
2.6.2.4. Treatment 

2.7. Appendicitis and Intestinal Obstruction 

2.7.1. Acute Appendicitis 

2.7.1.1. Concept 
2.7.1.2. Special Diagnostic Considerations During Pregnancy 
2.7.1.3. Treatment 

2.7.2. Intestinal Obstruction 

2.7.2.1. Concept 
2.7.2.2. Special Diagnostic Considerations During Pregnancy 
2.7.2.3. Treatment 

2.8. Gallbladder and Liver Pathology 

2.8.1. Cholecystitis 

2.8.1.1. Special Diagnostic Considerations During Pregnancy 

2.8.2. Cholecystitis 

2.8.2.1. Special Diagnostic Considerations During Pregnancy 

2.8.3. Fatty Liver or Acute Hepatic Degeneration 

2.8.3.1. Definition and Etiology 
2.8.3.2. Clinical Features 
2.8.3.3. Diagnosis 
2.8.3.4. Treatment 

2.9. Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy 

2.9.1. Concept 
2.9.2. Clinical Presentation 
2.9.3. Diagnosis 
2.9.4. Treatment 
2.9.5. Impact and Fetal Prognosis 

2.10. Chronic Viral Hepatitis and Pregnancy 

2.10.1. Hepatitis B 

2.10.1.1. Epidemiology 
2.10.1.2. Diagnosis and Screening 
2.10.1.3. Clinical Management 
2.10.1.4. Childbirth in a Woman with HBV Positive Status 
2.10.1.5. Neonatal Care and Vertical Transmission 

2.10.2. Hepatitis C 

2.10.2.1. Epidemiology 
2.10.2.2. Diagnosis and Screening 
2.10.2.3. Clinical Management 
2.10.2.4. Childbirth in a Woman with HCV Positive Status 
2.10.2.5. Neonatal Care and Vertical Transmission 

2.11. Pancreas 

2.11.1. Acute Pancreatitis During Pregnancy 

2.11.1.1. Definition and Risk Factors 
2.11.1.2. Clinical Features 
2.11.1.3. Treatment 

Module 3. Pregnant Woman with Hematological and Cardiac Disorders 

3.1. Gestational Anemia 

3.1.1. Concept 
3.1.2. Etiopathogenesis and Fetal Impact 
3.1.3. Types of Anemia 

3.1.3.1. Microcytic Anemia 
3.1.3.2. Normocytic Anemia 
3.1.3.3. Macrocytic Anemia 

3.1.4. Treatment and Prophylaxis 
3.1.5. Other Forms of Anemia 

3.1.5.1. Sickle Cell Anemia 
3.1.5.2. Thalassemia 

3.2. Thrombocytopenia 

3.2.1. Essential Trombopenia in Pegnancy 

3.2.1.1. Causes and Incidence 
3.2.1.2. Diagnosis 
3.2.1.3. Obstetric Conduct 

3.2.2. Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura 

3.2.2.1. Causes and Incidence 
3.2.2.2. Diagnosis 
3.2.2.3. Obstetric Conduct 

3.2.3. Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia 

3.2.3.1. Causes and Incidence 
3.2.3.2. Diagnosis 
3.2.3.3. Obstetric Conduct 

3.2.4. Thrombocytopenia Associated with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy 
3.2.5. Therapeutic Management of Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy 
3.2.6. Therapeutic Management of Neonates Born to Mothers with Thrombocytopenia 

3.3. Coagulation Disorders 

3.3.1. Von Willebrand Disease 

3.3.1.1. Definition and Epidemiology 
3.3.1.2. Considerations during Childbirth 

3.3.2. Hemophilia 

3.3.2.1. Definition and Epidemiology 
3.3.2.2. Types 
3.3.2.2.1. Hemophilia A. 
3.3.2.2.2. Hemophilia B. 
3.3.2.3. Chromosomal Inheritance Patterns of Hemophilia 
3.3.2.4. Considerations during Childbirth 

3.4. Varicose Syndrome 

3.4.1. Concept and Pathophysiology 
3.4.2. Clinical Features 
3.4.3. Diagnosis 
3.4.4. Hemorrhoids 
3.4.5. Vulvar Varices 

3.5. Perinatal Hemolytic Disease 

3.5.1. Concept 
3.5.2. Pathophysiology 
3.5.3. Rh Isoimmunization 
3.5.4. ABO Isoimmunization. 

3.6. Thromboembolic Disease in Pregnancy and Postpartum:  Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism 

3.6.1. Aetiopathogenesis and Risk Factors 
3.6.2. Treatment 

3.7. Pregnant Woman with Heart Disease: Cardiac Examination During Pregnancy 

3.7.1. Cardiac Modification in Pregnancy 
3.7.2. Epidemiology of Cardiac Pathology in Pregnancy 
3.7.3. Classification of Cardiac Risk in Pregnancy 
3.7.4. Preconception Counseling for Women with Heart Disease 
3.7.5. Situations Contraindicating Pregnancy 
3.7.6. Management and Choice of Delivery Method 

3.8. Pregnant Women with Valvular Heart Disease 

3.8.1. Mitral Senosis 
3.8.2. Aortic Stenosis 
3.8.3. Mitral Insufficiency 
3.8.4. Aortic Insufficiency 
3.8.5. Tricuspid Insufficiency 
3.8.6. Valvular Prostheses 

3.9. Arrhythmias in Pregnancy 

3.9.1. Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia 
3.9.2. Atrial Fibrillation 
3.9.3. Ventricular Arrhythmias 
3.9.4. Bradyarrhythmias 

3.10. Pregnant Woman with Congenital Heart Disease 

3.10.1. Tetralogy of Fallot 
3.10.2. Aortic Coarctation 
3.10.3. Marfan Syndrome 
3.10.4. Single Ventricle 
3.10.5. Fontan Procedure 
3.10.6. Pregnant Woman with Heart Transplant 

Module 4. Pregnant Woman with Neurological, Musculoskeletal, Dermatological, and Autoimmune Disorders 

4.1. Epilepsy 

4.1.1. Clinical Management and Treatment Compatible with Pregnancy: Preconception Counseling 
4.1.2. Effects of Epilepsy on Pregnancy 
4.1.3. Effects of Pregnancy on Epilepsy 
4.1.4. Treatment of Seizures During Labor 
4.1.5. Neonates Born to Epileptic Mothers: Malformations and Congenital Anomalies 

4.2. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) 

4.2.1. Effects of MS on Pregnancy 
4.2.2. Effects of Pregnancy on MS 
4.2.3. Clinical Management During Pregnancy and Pharmacotherapy 
4.2.4. Clinical Management during Labor 
4.2.5. Postpartum Care for Women with Multiple Sclerosis 

4.3. Peripheral Neuropathies 

4.3.1. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 
4.3.2. Radiculopathies: Lumbalgia and Sciatica 
4.3.3. Herniated Disc 
4.3.4. Bell’s Palsy 
4.3.5. Meralgia Paresthetica 
4.3.6. Kyphoscoliosis 

4.4. Spinal Cord Injuries 

4.4.1. Clinical Management of Women with Spinal Cord Injury During Pregnancy 
4.4.2. Clinical Management During Labor: Epidural Analgesia. 
4.4.3. Specific Considerations During the Postpartum Period 

4.5. Other Neurological Pathologies Present During Pregnancy 

4.5.1. Migraine and Headaches 
4.5.2. Guillain-Barré Syndrome 
4.5.3. Myasthenia Gravis 
4.5.4. Cerebrovascular Diseases 
4.5.5. Brain Neoplasms 

4.6. Dermatological Issues During Pregnancy 

4.6.1. Dermatological Changes During Pregnancy 

4.6.1.1. Stretch Marks 
4.6.1.2. Pregnancy Hyperpigmentation: Chloasma and Nevus 

4.6.2. Vascular Changes 

4.6.2.1. Spider Angiomas 
4.6.2.2. Palmar Erythema 
4.6.2.3. Haemangiomas 

4.7. Pregnancy-Specific Dermatoses 

4.7.1. Herpes Gestationis 

4.7.1.1. Clinical Features 
4.7.7.2. Diagnosis 
4.7.1.3. Differential Diagnosis 
4.7.1.4. Prognosis 
4.7.1.5. Treatment 

4.7.2. Impetigo Herpetiformis 

4.7.2.1. Clinical Features 
4.7.2.2. Diagnosis 
4.7.2.3. Differential Diagnosis 
4.7.2.4. Prognosis 
4.7.2.5. Treatment 

4.7.3. Gestational Prurigo 

4.7.3.1. Clinical Features 
4.7.3.2. Diagnosis 
4.7.3.3. Differential Diagnosis 
4.7.3.4. Prognosis 
4.7.3.5. Treatment 

4.7.4. Pregnancy Papulosis Dermatosis 

4.7.4.1. Clinical Features 
4.7.4.2. Diagnosis 
4.7.4.3. Differential Diagnosis 
4.7.4.4. Prognosis 
4.7.4.5. Treatment 

4.7.5. Polymorphic Pregnancy Rash 

4.7.5.1. Clinical Features 
4.7.5.2. Diagnosis 
4.7.5.3. Differential Diagnosis 
4.7.5.4. Prognosis 
4.7.5.5. Treatment 

4.8. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Pregnancy 

4.8.1. Preconception Check-up. 
4.8.2. Gestation control 

4.8.2.1. First Trimester 
4.8.2.2. Second Trimester 
4.8.2.3. Third Trimester 

4.8.3. Childbirth and Postpartum 

4.9. Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) 

4.9.1. Concept 
4.9.2. Pregestational Monitoring of Women with APS 
4.9.3. Gestational control of the woman with PAS 
4.9.4. Treatment 
4.9.5. Childbirth and Postpartum 

4.10. Rheumatoid Arthritis 

4.10.1. Concept 
4.10.2. How Rheumatoid Arthritis Affects Pregnancy 
4.10.3. How Pregnancy Affects Rheumatoid Arthritis 
4.10.4. Treatment 

Module 5. Pregnant Woman with Respiratory and Urological/Renal Problems. Tropical and Subtropical Diseases 

5.1. Bronchial Asthma 

5.1.1. Concept 
5.1.2. Course of Bronchial Asthma During Pregnancy 
5.1.3. Treatment 
5.1.4. Asthmatic Crisis and Clinical Management 
5.1.5. Considerations during Labor for a Pregnant Woman with Bronchial Asthma 

5.2. Community-acquired Pneumonia and Aspiration Pneumonia 

5.2.1. Etiology 
5.2.2. Treatment 
5.2.3. Specific Considerations During Pregnancy 
5.2.4. Neonates Born to Mothers with Pneumonia 

5.3. Influenza 

5.3.1. Etiology 
5.3.2. Prevention 
5.3.3. Considerations in Pregnancy 
5.3.4. Treatment 
5.3.5. Hospitalization Criteria 
5.3.6. Neonates Born to Mothers with Influenza 

5.4. Asymptomatic Bacteriuria 

5.4.1. Concept 
5.4.2. Etiology 
5.4.3. Diagnostic Criteria 
5.4.4. Treatment 

5.5. Acute Cystitis and Urethral Syndrome 

5.5.1. Concept 
5.5.2. Etiology 
5.5.3. Diagnostic Criteria 
5.5.4. Treatment 
5.5.5. Follow-up 

5.6. Acute Pyelonephritis 

5.6.1. Concept 
5.6.2. Clinical Features 
5.6.3. Diagnosis 
5.6.4. Treatment 
5.6.5. Admission and Discharge Criteria 
5.6.6. Complications 

5.7. Obstructive Uropathy 

5.7.1. Concept 
5.7.2. Clinical Features 
5.7.3. Exploration and Specialized Tests 
5.7.4. Diagnosis 
5.7.5. Treatment 
5.7.6. Complications 

5.8. Renal Transplantation and Pregnancy 

5.8.1. Effects of Transplantation on Pregnancy 
5.8.2. Effects of Pregnancy on Transplants 
5.8.3. Considerations During Labor, Postpartum, and Lactation 

5.9. Tropical and Subtropical Diseases I 

5.9.1. Zika 

5.9.1.1. Epidemiology 
5.9.1.2. Transmission 
5.9.1.3. Clinical Features 
5.9.1.4. Diagnosis 
5.9.1.5. Fetal Impact and Congenital Zika Infection 
5.9.1.6. Treatment and Prevention 

5.9.2. Ebola 

5.9.2.1. Epidemiology 
5.9.2.2. Transmission 
5.9.2.3. Clinical Features 
5.9.2.4. Diagnosis 
5.9.2.5. Effects on the Fetus 
5.9.2.6. Treatment and Prevention 

5.9.3. Chagas Disease 

5.9.3.1. Epidemiology 
5.9.3.2. Transmission 
5.9.3.3. Clinical Features 
5.9.3.4. Diagnosis 
5.9.3.5. Effects on the Fetus 
5.9.3.6. Treatment and Prevention 

5.10. Tropical and Subtropical Diseases II 

5.10.1. Dengue 

5.10.1.1. Epidemiology 
5.10.1.2. Transmission 
5.10.1.3. Clinical Features 
5.10.1.4. Diagnosis 
5.10.1.5. Effects on the Fetus 
5.10.1.6. Treatment and Prevention 

5.10.2. Malaria 

5.10.2.1. Epidemiology 
5.10.2.2. Transmission 
5.10.2.3. Clinical Features 
5.10.2.4. Diagnosis 
5.10.2.5. Effects on the Fetus 
5.10.2.6. Treatment and Prevention 

5.10.3. Chikungunya 

5.10.3.1. Epidemiology 
5.10.3.2. Transmission 
5.10.3.3. Clinical Features 
5.10.3.4. Diagnosis 
5.10.3.5. Effects on the Fetus 
5.10.3.6. Treatment and Prevention 

Module 6. Fetal Growth Disorders and Gestational Duration. Immature Labor and Multiple Gestation. Pulmonary and Neurological Maturation 

6.1. Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) 

6.1.1. Concept 
6.1.2. Pathogenesis and Etiological Factors 
6.1.3. Prediction 
6.1.4. Diagnosis and Classification 
6.1.5. Differential Diagnosis with Small for Gestational Age (SGA) Fetus 
6.1.6. Treatment and Termination of Pregnancy 

6.2. Fetal Macrosomia 

6.2.1. Concept 
6.2.2. Risk Factors 
6.2.3. Obstetric Follow-up and Monitoring 
6.2.4. Termination of Pregnancy 
6.2.5. Maternal and Fetal Complications 

6.3. Chronologically Prolonged Pregnancy 

6.3.1. Concept 
6.3.2. Etiology and Prevention 
6.3.3. Fetal Complications 
6.3.4. Obstetric Conduct 
6.3.5. Induction at Week 41 vs. Week 42 

6.4. Preterm Labor 

6.4.1. Threatened Preterm Labor 

6.4.1.1. Concept and Risk Factors 
6.4.1.2. Diagnosis: Ultrasound and Fibronectin Test 
6.4.1.3. Obstetric Management and Tocolytic Treatment 

6.4.2. Mode of Delivery in Preterm Fetus and Specific Considerations 

6.5. Cervical Insufficiency and Cerclage 

6.5.1. Concept of Cervical Insufficiency 
6.5.2. Indications for Cervical Cerclage 
6.5.3. Cerclage Techniques 
6.5.4. Considerations Before and After Cerclage 
6.5.5. Complications 
6.5.6. Cerclage Removal 

6.6. Suspected Chorioamnionitis and Clinical Chorioamnionitis 

6.7.1. Concept of Chorioamnionitis 
6.7.2. Criteria for Suspecting Chorioamnionitis 
6.7.3. Diagnosis 
6.7.4. Treatment 
6.7.5. Specific Considerations during Labor 

6.7. Multiple Gestation 

6.7.1. Concept and Classification 
6.7.2. Fetal and Maternal Complications 
6.7.3. Diagnosis and Determination of Chorionicity 
6.7.4. Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening of Chromosomopathies 
6.7.5. Gestational Screening 
6.7.6. End of Gestation and Delivery Route 

6.8. Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS) 

6.8.1. Concept and Pathophysiology 
6.8.2. Diagnostic Criteria 
6.8.3. Differential Diagnosis 
6.8.4. Treatment 

6.8.4.1. Laser Photocoagulation of Vascular Communications 
6.8.4.2. Follow-up 

6.9. Corticotherapy for Accelerating Fetal Pulmonary Maturation 

6.9.1. Concept 
6.9.2. Indications 
6.9.3. Contraindications 
6.9.4. Dosages 
6.9.5. Specific Considerations According to Gestational Age 
6.9.6. Special Situations 

6.10. Magnesium Sulfate as a Fetal Neuroprotector 

6.10.1. Concept 
6.10.2. Indications 
6.10.3. Contraindications 
6.10.4. Drug Administration and Monitoring 
6.10.5. Concurrent Use with Tocolytics in Threatened Preterm Labor 
6.10.6. Side Effects 

Module 7. Placental Pathology and Fetal Appendages. Obstetric Accidents 

7.1. Placental Acretism 

7.1.1. Concept and Forms of Acretism 

7.1.1.1. Placenta Accreta 
7.1.1.2. Placenta Increta 
7.1.1.3. Placenta Percreta 

7.1.2. Risk Factors 
7.1.3. Clinical Features and Morbidity-Mortality 
7.1.4. Diagnosis 
7.1.5. Clinical Management and Delivery of Pregnant Woman with Placental Acretism 

7.2. Placenta Previa. 

7.2.1. Concept 
7.2.2. Classification 
7.2.3. Risk Factors 
7.2.4. Clinical Features and Morbidity-Mortality 
7.2.5. Diagnosis 
7.2.6. Management of Pregnancy and Delivery in Pregnant Woman with Placenta Previa 

7.3. Morphological and Functional Placental Abnormalities 

7.3.1. Size Alterations 
7.3.2. Morphological Alterations 

7.3.2.1. Bilobed Placenta 
7.3.2.2. Circumvallate Placenta 
7.3.2.3. Succenturiate Placenta 
7.3.2.4. Placenta Spuria 

7.3.3. Placental Insufficiency 

7.4. Umbilical Cord Abnormalities 

7.4.1. Variants in Umbilical Cord Length and Their Complications: Knots and Coils 
7.4.2. Umbilical Cord Abnormalities Related to Presentation 

7.4.2.1. Umbilical Cord Prolapse 
7.4.2.2. Lateral Cord Prolapse 
7.4.2.3. Prolapse 

7.4.2.3.1. Causes 
7.4.2.3.2. Management of Cord Prolapse 

7.4.3. Placental Insertion Abnormalities 

7.4.3.1. Velamentous Insertion 
7.4.3.2. Marginal Insertion 
7.4.3.3. Vasa Previa 

7.4.4. Vascular Abnormalities 

7.4.4.1. Thrombosis 
7.4.4.2. Hematomas 
7.4.4.3. Single Umbilical Artery 

7.5. Amniotic Membrane Alterations 

7.5.1. Nodular Amnion 
7.5.2. Amniotic Bands 
7.5.3. Extramembranous Pregnancy 
7.5.4. Premature Rupture of Membranes and Chorioamnionitis 

7.6. Amniotic Fluid Abnormalities 

7.6.1. Deficiency: Oligohydramnios and Anhydramnios 

7.6.1.1. Concept and Epidemiology 
7.6.1.2. Etiological Factors 
7.6.1.3. Diagnosis 
7.6.1.4. Fetal and Neonatal Impact 
7.6.1.5. Clinical Management and Treatment 

7.6.2. Excess: Polyhydramnios 

7.6.2.1. Concept and Epidemiology 
7.6.2.2. Etiological Factors 
7.6.2.3. Diagnosis 
7.6.2.4. Fetal and Neonatal Impact 
7.6.2.5. Clinical Management and Treatment. Assistance at Delivery 

7.7. Uterine Rupture 

7.7.1. Concept 
7.7.2. Types 
7.7.3. Risk Factors 
7.7.4. Clinical Features and Diagnosis 
7.7.5. Treatment 

7.8. Premature Separation of Normally Inserted Placenta 

7.8.1. Concept 
7.8.2. Risk Factors 
7.8.3. Clinical Features and Diagnosis 
7.8.4. Clinical Management 

7.9. Amniotic Fluid Embolism 

7.9.1. Concept 
7.9.2. Risk Factors 
7.9.3. Pathophysiology 
7.9.4. Clinical Features 
7.9.5. Diagnosis and Treatment 

7.10. Shoulder Dystocia 

7.10.1. Concept 
7.10.2. Risk Factors 
7.10.3. Diagnosis 
7.10.4. Resolution Maneuvers 

7.10.4.1. First-Level Maneuvers 
7.10.4.2. Second-Level Maneuvers 
7.10.4.3. Third-Level Maneuvers 

7.10.5. Postnatal Care and Assessment 

Module 8. Variations of Normal Labor and Its Onset. Mother Carrier of Group B Streptococcus 

8.1. Instrumental Delivery 

8.1.1. Concept 
8.1.2. Indications 
8.1.3. Contraindications 
8.1.4. Criteria for Using Different Instruments 

8.1.4.1. Forceps 
8.1.4.2. Thierry's Spatulas 
8.1.4.3. Vacuum Extraction 

8.2. Breech Delivery 

8.2.1. Concept 
8.2.2. Classification 
8.2.3. Etiology 
8.2.4. Diagnosis 
8.2.5. Criteria for Vaginal Delivery and Management 

8.3. Vaginal Delivery After Cesarean (VBAC) 

8.3.1. Choice of Delivery Route 
8.3.2. Contraindications for Vaginal Delivery with Previous Cesarean 
8.3.3. Scheduled Cesarean 
8.3.4. Induction of Labor 

8.4. Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labor 

8.4.1. Concept 
8.4.2. Indications 
8.4.3. Contraindications 
8.4.4. Risks of Induction 
8.4.5. Methods of Labor Induction 

8.5. Fetal Hydrops 

8.5.1. Concept 

8.5.1.1. Immune Hydrops 
8.5.1.2. Non-Immune Hydrops 

8.5.2. Pathophysiology 
8.5.3. Diagnosis 
8.5.4. Clinical Management 

8.6. Mother Carrier of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) 

8.6.1. Concept 
8.6.2. Sample Collection and Screening 
8.6.3. Treatment 
8.6.4. Management of Neonates Born to GBS-positive Mothers 

8.7. Cesarean Section 

8.7.1. Indications 
8.7.2. Classification 
8.7.3. Preoperative Considerations 
8.7.4. Surgical Technique 
8.7.5. Postoperative Management 

8.8. External Cephalic Version (ECV) 

8.8.1. Concept 
8.8.2. Indications 
8.8.3. Contraindications 
8.8.4. Complete Technique and Procedure 
8.8.5. Complications 

8.8.5.1. Pharmacological Methods 
8.8.5.2. Non-Pharmacological Methods 

8.9. Premature Rupture of Membranes 

8.9.1. Etiology 
8.9.2. Diagnosis 
8.9.3. Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM) 
8.9.4. Term Premature Rupture of Membranes 

8.10. Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries 

8.10.1. Prevention 
8.10.2. Classification 

8.10.2.1. Third-Degree Tear 
8.10.2.2. Fourth-Degree Tear 

8.10.3. Repair of Perineal Tears 
8.10.4. Follow-up and Delivery After Anal Sphincter Injury 

Module 9. Endocrine Disorders During Pregnancy. Gynecologic Cancer and Pregnancy. Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy 

9.1. Thyroid Pathology and Pregnancy 

9.1.1. Hypothyroidism 

9.1.1.1. Diagnosis 
9.1.1.2. Clinical Features 
9.1.1.3. Etiology 
9.1.1.4. Clinical Management 

9.1.2. Hyperthyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis 

9.1.2.1. Diagnosis 
9.1.2.2. Clinical Features 
9.1.2.3. Etiology 
9.1.2.4. Clinical Management 

9.1.3. Treatment During Pregnancy 
9.1.4. Fetal Impact 

9.2. Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy 

9.2.1. Preconceptional Management 
9.2.2. Gestational Management 
9.2.3. Criteria for Termination of Pregnancy 
9.2.4. Considerations During Labor 
9.2.5. Neonates Born to Mothers with Diabetes Mellitus 

9.3. Gestational Diabetes 

9.3.1. Concept 
9.3.2. Risk Factors 
9.3.3. Diagnosis and Screening Protocol 
9.3.4. Gestational Monitoring 
9.3.5. Criteria for Termination of Pregnancy 
9.3.6. Clinical Management During Labor and Postpartum 
9.3.7. Neonates Born to Mothers with Gestational Diabetes 

9.4. Obesity and Pregnancy 

9.4.1. Concept and Classification of Obesity 
9.4.2. Impact of Obesity on Pregnancy 
9.4.3. Impact of Pregnancy on Obesity 
9.4.4. Obese Women and Postpartum 

9.5. Breast Cancer and Pregnancy 

9.5.1. Concept and Epidemiology 
9.5.2. Diagnosis 
9.5.3. Treatment 
9.5.4. Prognosis 

9.6. Cervical Cancer and Pregnancy 

9.6.1. Concept and Epidemiology 
9.6.2. Cytology in Pregnancy 
9.6.3. Colposcopy During Pregnancy 
9.6.4. Diagnosis and Treatment 

9.7. Ovarian Cancer and Pregnancy 

9.7.1. Concept and Epidemiology 
9.7.2. Clinical Features 
9.7.3. Diagnosis 
9.7.4. Treatment 

9.8. Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy I 

9.8.1. Concept 
9.8.2. Classification of Hypertension in Pregnancy 
9.8.3. Severity Criteria 
9.8.4. Prediction and Prevention 
9.8.5. Treatment and Clinical Management 
9.8.6. Criteria for Termination of Pregnancy 

9.9. Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy II 

9.9.1. Eclampsia 

9.9.1.1. Diagnosis 
9.9.1.2. Clinical Management and Treatment 

9.9.2. HELLP Syndrome 

9.9.2.1. Diagnosis 
9.9.2.2. Clinical Management and Treatment 

9.9.3. Follow-up of Pregnant Women with Hypertension Problems 

9.10. Stillbirth 

9.10.1. Concept 
9.10.2. Classification 
9.10.3. Etiological Factors 
9.10.4. Diagnosis 
9.10.5. Clinical and Psychological Management
9.10.6. Post-Genetic Counseling 

Module 10. Puerperal Pathology. Psychological Issues During the Puerperium. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Pregnant Women and Neonates.  

10.1. Puerperal Infection 

10.1.1. Concept and Etiology 
10.1.2. Risk Factors 
10.1.3. Modes of Propagation 
10.1.4. Clinical Forms 
10.1.5. Clinical Features 
10.1.6. Treatment and Prophylaxis 

10.2. Postpartum Hemorrhage 

10.2.1. Concept 
10.2.2. Etiology 

10.2.2.1. Uterine Tone 
10.2.2.2. Obstetric Trauma and Uterine Inversion 
10.2.2.3. Tissue 
10.2.2.4. Coagulation Problems 

10.2.3. Treatment 

10.3. Main Problems in Breastfeeding I 

10.3.1. Nipple Cracks 
10.3.2. Breast Engorgement and Obstruction 
10.3.3. Eczema and Nipple Candidiasis 
10.3.4. Hypogalactia 

10.4. Main Problems in Breastfeeding II 

10.4.1. Acute Mastitis 

10.4.1.1. Concept, Etiology, and Clinical Features 
10.4.1.2. Prevention 
10.4.1.3. Treatment 
10.4.1.4. Complications 

10.5. Psychological Problems During the Puerperium 

10.5.1. Maternity Blues or Postpartum Sadness 
10.5.2. Postpartum Depression 

10.5.2.1. Concept 
10.5.2.2. Risk Factors 
10.5.2.3. Prevention 
10.5.2.4. Treatment 

10.5.3. Postpartum Psychosis 

10.5.3.1. Concept 
10.5.3.2. Risk Factors 
10.5.3.3. Prevention 
10.5.3.4. Treatment 

10.6. Perinatal Grief 

10.6.1. Concept 
10.6.2. Clinical Manifestations 
10.6.3. Types of Grief 
10.6.4. Phases of Perinatal Grief 
10.6.5. Psychological Management 

10.7. Post-Dural Puncture Headache 

10.7.1. Concept 
10.7.2. Differential Diagnosis 
10.7.3. Treatment and Prophylaxis 
10.7.4. Complications 

10.8. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Pregnant Women 

10.8.1. Main Causes of Cardiac Arrest in Pregnant Women 
10.8.2. Algorithm for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 
10.8.3. Specific Considerations in Pregnancy 
10.8.4. Fetal Extraction 

10.9. Neonatal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 

10.9.1. Main Causes of Cardiac Arrest in Neonates 
10.9.2. Algorithm for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 
10.9.3. Neuroprotection with Hypothermia in Neonates 

10.9.3.1. Concept and Mechanism of Hypothermia 
10.9.3.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Treatment 
10.9.3.3. Phases of Treatment and Cooling 
10.9.3.4. Limitation of Therapeutic Effort in Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy 

You will delve into relevant topics for neonatal nurses, such as Neonatal Shock”