Caring for avian patients presents a great challenge for veterinarians, who must have specialized training in this field” 

One of the main attractions of working with birds is the fascinating diversity of patients treated and the challenge their pathologies present to veterinarians.

However, before treating these unique species, one must specialize in the essentials: the internal structure and function of birds. 

The ability to fly has made it possible for birds to occupy a wide diversity of habitats, consequently developing numerous adaptations to obtain sustenance. This characteristic has resulted in almost 10,000 species in the taxonomic classification of birds. 

Physical examination is a fundamental part of the diagnosis of avian disorders and involves handling and restraining the bird in order to perform the necessary examinations for its care. But before handling birds, some very important prerequisites need to be considered, such as collecting previous information on the patient by means of a complete as possible anamnesis. 

This Postgraduate diploma includes all the necessary requirements to reach adequate diagnoses, from start to final objective, and properly treat avian patients. It also includes all the necessary requirements to provide a suitable home for birds kept in captivity. 

Moreover, it is worth mentioning that birds are susceptible to a great variety of diseases. Therefore, this program develops specialized knowledge of the different pathologies, such as those derived from incorrect handling, like capture paresis, a syndrome caused by stress produced during wild bird capture; it also studies complete physiopathogenesis and the changes produced in the animals, which causes a gread deal of deaths that could be avoided by having the right knowledge; finally, it covers the problems caused by poor nutrition, among other aspects. 

In short, this training provides students with specific tools and skills to successfully develop their professional activity in the wide field of avian medicine and surgery. It addresses key competencies such as knowledge of the reality and daily practice of the veterinary professional, and develops responsibility in the monitoring and supervision of their work, as well as communication skills within the essential teamwork. 

As it is an online program, students will not be bound by fixed schedules or the need to move to another physical location, but rather, they can access the content at any time of the day, balancing their professional or personal life with their academic life.  

Do not miss the opportunity to study this program with us. It's the perfect opportunity to advance your career” 

This Postgraduate diploma in Daily Consultation Knowledge contains the most complete and up-to-date educational program on the market. The most important features include: 

• Practical cases presented by experts in avian medicine 
• The graphic, schematic, and eminently practical contents with which they are created, provide scientific and practical information on the disciplines that are essential for professional practice 
• Latest developments in veterinary consultation care
• Practical exercises where the self-assessment process can be carried out to improve learning
• Special emphasis on innovative methodologies in avian medicine
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection assignments
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection

This Postgraduate diploma is the best investment you can make when choosing a refresher program to expand your existing knowledge of the subject matter” 

Its teaching staff includes professionals from the veterinary field, who bring the experience of their work to this training, as well as recognized specialists from leading societies and prestigious universities. 

Its Multimedia Content, elaborated with the latest Educational Technology, will allow the Professional a situated and contextual learning, that is to say, a Simulated Environment that will provide an immersive specialization programmed to train in real situations. 

This program is designed around Problem-Based Learning, whereby the professional must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise during the program. For this purpose, the professional will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system created by renowned and experienced experts in avian in veterinary consultations with extensive experience. 

This training comes with the best didactic material, providing you with a contextual approach that will facilitate your learning"

This 100% online Postgraduate diploma will allow you to combine your studies with your professional work while increasing your knowledge in this field"

The content structure has been designed by the best professionals in the Avian Medicine Surgery area, with extensive experience and recognized prestige in the profession, backed by the volume of cases reviewed, studied, and diagnosed, and with extensive knowledge of new technologies applied to veterinary.    

We have the most complete and up-to-date academic program in the market. We strive for excellence and for you to achieve it too"

Module 1. Bird Taxonomy, Anatomy and Physiology

1.1. Taxonomic Classification of Psittaciformes

1.1.1. Taxonomic Classification
1.1.2. Global Spread
1.1.3. Anatomic Differences

1.2. Taxonomic Classification of Passerine Birds: Wild Birds

1.2.1. Taxonomic Classification
1.2.2. Global Spread
1.2.3. Anatomic Differences

1.3. Taxonomic Classification of Falconiformes and Other Orders

1.3.1. Taxonomic Classification
1.3.2. Global Spread
1.3.3. Anatomic Differences

1.4. The Skeletal System

1.4.1. Bone Ossification
1.4.2. The Skull

 1.4.2.1. The Premaxillary Area
 1.4.2.2. The Jaw

1.4.3. The Axillary Skeleton: The Epiaxial Hypoaxial Muscles

 1.4.3.1. Cervical Vertebrae
 1.4.3.2. Thoracic Vertebrae
 1.4.3.3. The Synsacrum: Special Anatomy
 1.4.3.4. Caudal Vertebrae
 1.4.3.5. Sternum
 1.4.3.6. Wings: Complete Anatomy and Flight Muscles

1.4.4. Pelvic Limbs

 1.4.4.1. Femur and Tibiotarsus
 1.4.4.2. Phalanges: Finger Placement in Different Species

1.5. The Circulatory System

1.5.1. Arterial Anatomy
1.5.2. Venous Return
1.5.3. The Renal Carrier System
1.5.4. Blood Composition: Nucleated Red Blood Cells

1.6. The Respiratory System 

1.6.1. The Nasal Cavity
1.6.2. Larynx and Trachea
1.6.3. The Syrinx: The Phonatory Organ in Birds
1.6.4. The Lungs

 1.6.4.1. Gas Exchange

1.6.5. Air Sacs

1.7. The Digestive System

1.7.1. Beaks: Substitute for Lips and Teeth in Mammals

 1.7.1.1. Wax Localization
 1.7.1.2. Beak Functions

1.7.2. The Oropharynx

 1.7.2.1. Solid Food Intake
 1.7.2.2. Liquid Foods

1.7.3. The Esophagus
1.7.4. The Stomach

 1.7.4.1. Proventricles
 1.7.4.2. Ventricles

1.7.5. The Liver
1.7.6. The Pancreas
1.7.7. The Intestinal Package

1.8. The Urinary and Reproductive Systems

1.8.1. The Kidneys
1.8.2. The Ureters
1.8.3. Particularities in the Urinary System: The Salt Gland
1.8.4. Bird Sexing
1.8.5. Male Reproductive System
1.8.6. The Female Reproductive System

1.9. The Nervous System

1.9.1. Sense Organs
1.9.2. Sight: Avian Eye Anatomy
1.9.3. Hearing
1.9.4. Smell and Taste
1.9.5. Touch: The Tegument

1.10. Anatomical and Physiological Particularities in Birds

1.10.1. The Thymus Gland
1.10.2. The Fabricious Bursa
1.10.3. The Spleen
1.10.4. The Pituitary Gland Hypophysis
1.10.5. Thyroid and Parathyroid Gland
1.10.6. Other Particularities

Module 2. Clinical Criteria for Avian Patients

2.1. Bird Maintenance

2.1.1. Special Furniture: Types of Cages
2.1.2. Stress 
2.1.3. Physical exercise
2.1.4. Bird Maintenance in Captivity
2.1.5. Ultraviolet Light
2.1.6. Feathers Coloring
2.1.7. Water Availability
2.1.8. Medication Added to the Water
2.1.9. Water Baths and Sprays

2.2. Capture: Proper Physical Examination

2.2.1. Physical Capture

 2.2.1.1. Capture Techniques
 2.2.1.2. Related Injuries

2.2.2. Chemical Capture

 2.2.2.1. Capture Techniques
 2.2.2.2. Drugs Used

2.2.3. Bird Containment

2.3. Clinical Management and Preventive Medicine

2.3.1. Complete and Orderly Physical Examination
2.3.2. Vaccination
2.3.3. Deworming
2.3.4. Sterilization

2.4. Sampling and Drug Administration

2.4.1. Intravenous Route
2.4.2. Intraosseous Route
2.4.3. Oral Posology
2.4.4. Intramuscular Route
2.4.5. Subcutaneous Route
2.4.6. Topical Route
2.4.7. Other Entry Routes in Avian Patients

2.5. Poultry as Patients

2.5.1. The Challenges of Keeping Hens as Pets
2.5.2. Hens as Patients
2.5.3. The Most Common Chicken and Hen Races

2.6. Nutritional Requirements: Diet

2.6.1. Feeding Guidelines
2.6.2. Nutritional Composition Feed

 2.6.2.1. Carbohydrates
 2.6.2.2. Proteins
 2.6.2.3. Fats
 2.6.2.4. Vitamins

2.6.2.4.1. Liposoluble Vitamins
2.6.2.4.2. Hydrosoluble Vitamins
2.6.2.4.3. Antivitamins

 2.6.2.5. Minerals

2.7. Type of Nutrition in Psittacine Birds

2.7.1. Seed Mixture
2.7.2. Feed 

 2.7.2.1. Differences Between Granulated and Extruded

2.7.3. Fruits and Vegetables 
2.7.4. Germinated Seeds
2.7.5. Cooked Legumes
2.7.6. Breeding Paste 

 2.7.6.1. Desired Undesired Effects

2.7.7. Other Products
2.7.8. Calculating Energy Needs

 2.7.8.1. Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
 2.7.8.2. Maintenance Energy Requirements (MER)

2.8. Generalized Diet for the Most Common Psittacines in Clinics

2.8.1. Australian Parakeet (Melopsittacus Undulattus)
2.8.2. Nymph, Cocotilla or Carolina (Nymphicus Hollandicus)
2.8.3. Lovebirds (Agapornis Spp)
2.8.4. African Grey Parrot, Yaco (Psithacus Erithacus)

2.9. Generalized Diet for the Least Common Psittacines in Clinics

2.9.1. Amazon Parrot (Amazona Sp)
2.9.2. Macaw (Ara Sp)
2.9.3. Cockatoo (Cacatua Sp)
2.9.4. Ecleptus Parrot (Ecleptus Roratus)
2.9.5. Loris
2.9.6. Psittacine Diet Conversion

2.10. Other Dietary Aspects

2.10.1. Diet in Passerine Birds
2.10.2. Diet in Other Birds
2.10.3. Diet in Hospitalized Patients

Module 3. Management-Related Pathologies

3.1. Most Common Pathologies 

3.1.1. Paresis by Capture: Cause of Mortality in Birds

 3.1.1.1. Affected Species and Characteristic Symptomatology
 3.1.1.2. Physiopathogenesis
 3.1.1.3. Differential Diagnosis
 3.1.1.4. Treatment and Prevention

3.1.2. Lead Poisoning

 3.1.2.1. Diagnosis
 3.1.2.2. Treatment: Primary, Chelating and Supportive

3.2. Other Intoxications

3.2.1. Zinc Poisoning
3.2.2. Diagnosis

 3.2.2.1. Treatment
 3.2.2.2. Primary Treatment
 3.2.2.3. Chelating Treatment
 3.2.2.4. Supportive Treatment

3.2.3. Ammonium Chloride Poisoning in Falconiformes

 3.2.3.1. Clinical Signs
 3.2.3.2. Pathological Changes
 3.2.3.3. Physiological and Pathological Considerations

3.2.4. Copper Poisoning

 3.2.4.1. Diagnosis
 3.2.4.2. Treatment

3.2.4.2.1. Chelating Treatment
3.2.4.2.2. Supportive Treatment

3.3. Pathologies Derived from Poor Nutrition

3.3.1. Metabolic Osteopathies: Bone Lesions
3.3.2. Most Common Injuries Causes and Types
3.3.3. Symptomatology and Susceptible Species
3.3.4. Diagnoses and Treatments
3.3.5. Long Bone Deformities: Twisting and Flexing

 3.3.5.1. Describing Pathology Type
 3.3.5.2. Clinical Signs in Birds
 3.3.5.3. Treatment and Prevention

3.3.6. Bone Alterations in More Distal Bones: Deformation

 3.3.6.1. Slipped Tendon
 3.3.6.2. Angel Wing
 3.3.6.3. Curled Fingers

3.3.7. Starvation-Induced Cachexia

 3.3.7.1. Definition and Etiology: Symptoms
 3.3.7.2. Necropsy Findings
 3.3.7.3. Treatment and Prevention

3.3.8. Behavioral Osteodystrophy

3.4. Oral Cavity Disorders 

3.4.1. Beak Pathologies
3.4.2. The Oral Cavity and Oropharynx: The Tongue and Salivary Glands

 3.4.2.1. Hypovitaminosis A
 3.4.2.2. Trauma
 3.4.2.3. Bleeding
 3.4.2.4. Neoplasms
 3.4.2.5. Halitosis

3.4.3. Infectious Diseases in Birds

 3.4.3.1. Mucosal Necrosis
 3.4.3.2. Fowl Pox
 3.4.3.3. Anatidae Herpesvirus (Duck Viral Enteritis or Duck Plague)
 3.4.3.4. Candidiasis (Candida Albicans Infection)

3.5. Esophagus and Gullet Pathologies

3.5.1. Esophagitis, Ingluvitis: Esophageal and/or Ingluvial Impaction
3.5.2. Esophagus and/or Crop Infestation by Capillaria Contorta and Other Capillaria spp
3.5.3. Candidiasis and Trichomoniasis

 3.5.3.1. Esophageal Ingluvial

3.5.4. Ingluvial Pathologies

 3.5.4.1. Calculations and Stasis

3.5.5. Crop Pathologies

 3.5.5.1. "Sour Crop Syndrome"
 3.5.5.2. Hanging Crop
 3.5.5.3. Content Regurgitation

3.5.6. Common Neoplasms

3.6. Proventriculus Pathologies

3.6.1. Proventricular Dilatation Disease in Psittaciformes
3.6.2. Proventricular and Gizzard Impaction
3.6.3. Candidiasis (Candida Albicans Infection)
3.6.4. Other Pathologies

 3.6.4.1. Atony
 3.6.4.2. Hypertrophy of Unknown Etiology
 3.6.4.3. Proventriculitis
 3.6.4.4. Presence of Foreign Bodies

3.7. Gizzard or Ventricle Pathologies: Glandular Stomach

3.7.1. Proventricular Dilatation Disease
3.7.2. Gizzard Ulcerations
3.7.3. Stomach Nematode Infestation
3.7.4. Neoplasms
3.7.5. Other Pathologies

 3.7.5.1. Muscular Atrophy and Traumatic Ventriculitis

3.8. Intestinal Pathologies

3.8.1. Malabsorption Syndrome
3.8.2. Non-Specific Enteropathies

 3.8.2.1. Diahrrea in Birds

3.8.3. Lower Intestinal Tract Alterations

3.8.3.1. Colorectal Impactation
3.8.3.2. Rectal Prolapse

3.8.3.2.1. Intestinal Overexertion

3.8.4. Most Common Neoplasms
3.8.5. The Cloaca

 3.8.5.1. Chloacitis: "Gonorrheal Discharge"
 3.8.5.2. Prolapses
 3.8.5.3. Most Common Neoplasms

3.9. Pathologies of the Liver

3.9.1. Lipidosis

 3.9.1.1. Fatty Infiltration or Fatty Degeneration

3.9.2. Hemochromatosis

 3.9.2.1. Iron Storage in Avian Organisms

3.9.3. Visceral Gout
3.9.4. Amilodosis
3.9.5. Most Common Neoplasms
3.9.6. Other Pathologies

 3.9.6.1. Toxic Hepatitis and Diabetes Mellitus

3.10. Endocrine Disorders

3.10.1. Thyroid Glands
3.10.2. Parathyroid Glands
3.10.3. Adrenal Glands
3.10.4. Ultimobranchial glands 

 3.10.4.1. Thoracic Localization

3.10.5. Hypophysis: Avian Brains
3.10.6. Pancreas: Endocrine and Exocrine Function

 3.10.6.1. Pancreatitis
 3.10.6.2. Acute Pancreatic Necrosis
 3.10.6.3. Most Common Neoplasms 

This training will allow you to seamlessly advance in your career"