Specialize in Veterinary Pharmacology   , updating and expanding your knowledge through this revolutionary education for its quality of teaching and content, and its intensive and flexible approach at the same time"

Veterinary Pharmacology   is a multidisciplinary science, fundamentally related to other disciplines: Physiology, Microbiology, Surgery, Surgical Pathology, Medical Pathology, Nutrition and Feeding, Zootechnics, Food Technology, Immunology, Infectious Diseases, Parasitic Diseases, Obstetrics and Reproduction, Companion Animal Hospital Clinic and Large Animal Hospital Clinic, among others. 

Veterinary Pharmacology   is a branch of veterinary science that aims to improve current outcomes in the prevention and treatment of disease at the veterinary level through pharmacological strategies. It is the science in charge of the search for and adaptation of drugs capable of solving animal health problems. 

To achieve its objective, Veterinary Pharmacology   must promote research into new drugs, new indications for drugs already on the market and new therapeutic strategies. On the other hand, the correct use of the drugs available at any given time for established indications should be considered. It is important to interpret the kinetics of drugs from the time they enter the body until they are eliminated. As well as the analysis of the correlation between the effects of the drugs and the concentration of their free fraction in blood, as well as the consideration of drug interactions and their undesirable effects or side effects that may occur. 

This Master's Degree in Veterinary Pharmacology   contains the most complete and up-to-date program, designed by experts in Pharmacology and Veterinary Clinicians, constituting a great tool for veterinarians who wish to specialize in Veterinary Pharmacology, an indispensable tool for the professional in the veterinary clinic.

A comprehensive training in the use of veterinary drugs for the prevention and treatment of diseases affecting animal health"

This Master's Degree in Veterinary Pharmacology   contains the most complete and up-to-date educational program on the market. The most important features include: 

• Innovative and up-to-date diagnostic techniques in infectious diseases and their application in daily clinical practice, including the use of cytology as a diagnostic tool in these diseases
• Infectious Pathologies oriented to the Feline Species, dealing extensively with all those of this species
• "One Health" vision, in which Zoonoses and their implications for public health will be reviewed
• Most frequent Infectious Pathologies of dogs and cats in the tropics. At present, there are no more exotic diseases, and they should be included by the clinician in the differential diagnosis when the epidemiology allows to suspect them
• Prevention and management of all infectious diseases, including clinical, home and community settings

A revolutionary study for its ability to reconcile the highest quality of learning with the most complete online specialization"

Its teaching staff includes professionals belonging to the field of Veterinary Medicine, who bring to this Veterinary Pharmacology   the experience of their work, as well as renowned specialists from reference societies and prestigious universities.  

The multimedia content, developed with the latest educational technology, will provide the professional with situated and contextual learning, i.e., a simulated environment that will provide immersive education programmed to learn in real situations.  

This program is designed around Problem-Based Learning, whereby the specialist must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise throughout the program. For this purpose, the professional will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system created by renowned and experienced psychology experts.    

A great opportunity for the veterinary medicine professional to advance his or her competencies and catch up on all the latest developments in pharmacological approaches"

Learn in an efficient way with a real qualification objective, with this unique Master's Degree for its quality and price, in the online teaching market"

This Master's Degree provides all the necessary knowledge to be able to perform in the best possible way, the Pharmacology in Veterinary Medicine. It is important to take into account that the contents allow the student to obtain specialized knowledge of pharmacology, as well as the ability to deal with different solutions for veterinary pathologies. A complete and accessible preparatory course that will make a difference in your career progression.  

A complete preparatory program that will lead you to the comprehensive education necessary to intervene as a specialist in the theoretical and practical aspects of Veterinary Pharmacology"

Module 1. General Pharmacology   

1.1. Concept and Evolution of Pharmacology. Objectives of Veterinary Pharmacology 

1.1.1. Origin 
1.1.2. Evolution of Pharmacology as a science 
1.1.3. Veterinary Pharmacology: Objectives 
1.1.4. General Concepts 

1.1.4.1. Pharmaceuticals 
1.1.4.2. Medication 
1.1.4.3. Pharmaceutical Forms 
1.1.4.4. Others 

1.2. Pharmacokinetics I: Drug Transport Systems across Biological Membranes

1.2.1. General Principles 
1.2.2. General Transportation Mechanisms 

1.2.2.1. Transport Across Cell Membranes  
1.2.2.2. Transport Through Intercellular Clefts  

1.3. Pharmacokinetics II: Routes of Drug Administration. Concept of Absorption

1.3.1. General Principles 
1.3.2. Routes of Administrating Medication 

1.3.2.1. Enteral Routes 

1.3.2.1.1. Oral 
1.3.2.1.2. Rectal 
1.3.2.1.3. Sublingual 
1.3.2.1.4. Others: Inhalation, Otic, Conjunctival, Dermal or Topical 

1.3.2.2. Parenteral Routes 

1.3.2.2.1. Intravenous 
1.3.2.2.2. Intramuscular 
1.3.2.2.3. Subcutaneous 
1.3.2.2.4. Intrathecal 
1.3.2.2.5. Epidural  

1.3.3. Absorption Mechanisms 
1.3.4. Concept of Bioavailability 
1.3.5. Factors that Modify Absorption 

1.4. Pharmacokinetics III Drug Distribution I  

1.4.1.  Distribution Mechanisms 

1.4.1.1. Binding to Plasma Proteins 
1.4.1.2. Blood-Brain Barrier 
1.4.1.3. Placental Barrier 

1.4.2. Factors that Modify the Distribution 
1.4.3. Distribution Volume 

1.5. Pharmacokinetics IV: Drug Distribution II. Pharmacokinetic Compartments

1.5.1. Pharmacokinetic Models 
1.5.2. Concepts of the Most Characteristic Parameters 

1.5.2.1. Apparent Volume of Distribution 
1.5.2.2. Aqueous Compartments 

1.5.3. Variability of the Response 

1.6. Pharmacokinetics V: Drug Elimination: Metabolism

1.6.1. Concept of Metabolism 
1.6.2. Phase I and II Metabolic Reactions 
1.6.3. Hepatic Microsomal System: Cytochromes. Polymorphisms
1.6.4. Factors Influencing Biotransformation Processes

1.6.4.1. Physiological Factors 
1.6.4.2. Pathological Factors 
1.6.4.3. Pharmacological Factors (Induction/Inhibition) 

1.7. Pharmacokinetics VI: Drug Elimination: Excretion

1.7.1. General Mechanisms  
1.7.2. Renal Excretion 
1.7.3. Biliary Excretion 
1.7.4. Other Excretion Routes 

1.7.4.1. Saliva 
1.7.4.2. Milk 
1.7.4.3. Sweat 

1.7.5. Elimination Kinetics 

1.7.5.1. Elimination Constant and Half-Life 
1.7.5.2. Metabolic and Excretion Clearance 

1.7.6. Factors that Modify the Excretion 

1.8. Pharmacodynamics: Drug Action Mechanisms Molecular Aspects

1.8.1. General Concepts Receptor 
1.8.2. Types of Receivers 

1.8.2.1. Ion Channel Associated Receptors 
1.8.2.2. Enzyme Receptors 
1.8.2.3. Receptors Associated with Prots g 
1.8.2.4. Intracellular Receptors 

1.8.3. Drug- Receptor Interactions 

1.9. Adverse Reactions to Medications. Toxicity

1.9.1. Classification of Adverse Reactions According to their Origin 
1.9.2. Mechanisms of Production of Adverse Reactions 
1.9.3. General Aspects of Drug Toxicity  

1.10. Pharmacological Interactions

1.10.1. Concept of Pharmacological Interaction 
1.10.2. Modifications Induced by Pharmacological Interactions 

1.10.2.1. Synergy 
1.10.2.2. Agony 
1.10.2.3. Antagonism 

1.10.3. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interactions 

1.10.3.1. Variability in Response Due to Pharmacokinetic Causes 
1.10.3.2. Variability in Response due to Pharmacodynamic Causes   

Module 2. Legal Framework of Medicine for Veterinary Use. Veterinary Pharmacovigilance 

2.1. Prescription of Medicines for Animal Use

2.1.1. Veterinary Prescription 
2.1.2. Ordinary Statute of Limitations 
2.1.3. Exceptional Requirements 
2.1.4. Prescription of Narcotic Drugs 
2.1.5. Prescription of Medicated Feed 

2.2. Dispensing of Medicines for Animal Use

2.2.1. Pharmacy Offices 
2.2.2. Livestock Entities or Groups 
2.2.3. Retail Commercial Establishments 
2.2.4. Emergency First Aid Kits 

2.3. Supply of Medicinal Products for Animal Use to Veterinarians 

2.3.1. Professional Practice of Veterinary Medicine 
2.3.2. Availability of Veterinary Medicines 
2.3.3. Possession and Use of Medicinal Gases 

2.4. Commercial Presentation and Information on Veterinary Medicinal Products

2.4.1. Packaging and Labeling 
2.4.2. Prospectus 
2.4.3. Information and Advertising 

2.5. Veterinary Pharmacovigilance 1

2.5.1. Introduction to Veterinary Pharmacovigilance. Glossary of Terms
2.5.2. Risks Derived from Marketed Medicines 

2.6. Veterinary Pharmacovigilance 2. Animal Safety

2.6.1. Safe Use of Veterinary Drugs in Animals 
2.6.2. Animal Welfare and Disease Prevention in Animals 
2.6.3. Guidelines for the Responsible Use of Large Animal Species: Animals for Slaughter 
2.6.4. Guidelines for Responsible Use of Companion Animal Species 

2.7. Veterinary Pharmacovigilance 3. Safety of Persons

2.7.1. Adverse Effects of Veterinary Drugs on Humans 
2.7.2. Good Practices in the Use and Administration of Veterinary Medicine 
2.7.3. Protective Equipment for the Administration of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals 

2.8. Veterinary Pharmacovigilance 4. Safety of Foods of Animal Origin

2.8.1. Residues of Veterinary Medicine in Products of Animal Origin 
2.8.2. Importance of the Routes of Administration in Waiting Times 
2.8.3. Maximum Residue Limits (MRL)

2.9. Veterinary Pharmacovigilance 5. Antibiotic Resistance and Safety for the Environment

2.9.1. Importance of Responsible Use of Veterinary Antimicrobials to Prevent Antibiotic Resistance  
2.9.2. Categorization of Antibiotics for Veterinary Use 
2.9.3. Importance of the Responsible Use of Medicines for the Environment 

Module 3. Pharmacology of the Autonomic Nervous System 

3.1. Peripheral Nervous System

3.1.1. Definition 
3.1.2. Classification 
3.1.3. Autonomic Nervous System 

3.1.3.1. Definition 
3.1.3.2. Classification 

3.2. Cholinergic Neurotransmitter System

3.2.1. Definition 
3.2.2. Nicotinic and Muscarinic Receptors 
3.2.3. Classification of Drugs 

3.3. Pharmacology of Cholinergic Transmission I

3.3.1. Transmission Blocking Drugs in Autonomous Ganglia 
3.3.2. Nicotinic Receptor Antagonists with Sympathokolitic Effects 
3.3.3. Nicotinic Receptor Antagonists with Parasympatholytic Effects (Hexamethonium, Mecamylamine) 

3.4. Pharmacology of Cholinergic Transmission II

3.4.1. Transmission-Blocking Drugs at Neuroeffector Junctions 
3.4.2. Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists 
3.4.3. Parasympatholytic Effects (Atropine, Scopolamine) 

3.5. Pharmacology of Cholinergic Transmission

3.5.1. Drugs that Mimic the Effects of Acetylcholine on Neuroeffector Junctions 
3.5.2. Muscarinic Receptor Agonists 
3.5.3. Parasympathomimetic Effects (Acetylcholine, Methacholine, Betanechol) 

3.6. Adrenergic Neurotransmitter System 

3.6.1. Definition 
3.6.2. Adrenergic Receptors 
3.6.3. Classification of Drugs 

3.7. Pharmacology of Adrenergic Transmission

3.7.1. Drugs that Promote Noradrenaline at Neuroeffector Synapses

3.8. Pharmacology of Adrenergic Transmission

3.8.1. Transmission-Blocking Drugs at Neuroeffector Junctions 

3.9. Pharmacology of Adrenergic Transmission

3.9.1. Drugs that Mimic the Effects of Noradrenaline at Neuroeffector Junctions 

3.10. Pharmacology in the Motor Plate

3.10.1. Ganglionic or Ganglioplegic Blocking Drugs 
3.10.2. Non-Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs 
3.10.3. Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs 

Module 4. Pharmacology of the Central Nervous System 

4.1. Pain

4.1.1. Definition 
4.1.2. Classification 
4.1.3. Pain Neurobiology 

4.1.3.1. Transduction 
4.1.3.2. Transmission 
4.1.3.3. Modulation 
4.1.3.4. Perception 

4.1.4. Animal Models for the Study of Neuropathic Pain 

4.2. Nociceptive Pain

4.2.1. Neuropathic Pain 
4.2.2. Pathophysiology of Neuropathic Pain 

4.3. Analgesic Drugs. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs 

4.3.1. Definition 
4.3.2. Pharmacokinetics  
4.3.3. Mechanism of Action 
4.3.4. Classification  
4.3.5. Pharmacological Effects 
4.3.6. Side Effects 

4.4. Analgesic Drugs. Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

4.4.1. Definition  
4.4.2. Pharmacokinetics  
4.4.3. Mechanism of Action. Classification  
4.4.4. Pharmacological Effects 
4.4.5. Side Effects 

4.5. Analgesic Drugs. Opioids

4.5.1. Definition 
4.5.2. Pharmacokinetics 
4.5.3. Mechanism of Action. Opioid Receptors  
4.5.4. Classification 
4.5.5. Pharmacological Effects 

4.5.5.1. Side Effects 

4.6. Pharmacology of Anesthesia and Sedation

4.6.1. Definition 
4.6.2. Mechanism of Action  
4.6.3. Classification: General and Local Anesthetics 
4.6.4. Pharmacological Properties  

4.7. Local Anesthetic. Inhalation Anesthetics

4.7.1. Definition 
4.7.2. Mechanism of Action 
4.7.3. Classification 
4.7.4. Pharmacological Properties  

4.8. Non-Injectable Anesthetics

4.8.1. Neuroleptoanesthesia and Euthanasia. Definition  
4.8.3. Mechanism of Action 
4.8.3. Classification  
4.8.4. Pharmacological Properties  

4.9. Central Nervous System Stimulant Drugs

4.9.1. Definition  
4.9.2. Mechanism of Action  
4.9.3. Classification  
4.9.4. Pharmacological Properties  
4.9.5. Side Effects  
4.9.6. Antidepressants  

4.10. Central Nervous System Depressant Drugs

4.10.1. Definition
4.10.2. Mechanism of Action
4.10.3. Classification  
4.10.4. Pharmacological Properties
4.10.5. Side Effects  
4.10.6. Anticonvulsants 

Module 5. Pharmacology of the Cardiovascular, Renal and Respiratory System. Hemostasis

5.1. Pharmacology of the Cardiovascular System I

5.1.1. Positive Inotropic and Inodilator Drugs
5.1.2. Sympathomimetic Amines 
5.1.3. Glycosides

5.2. Pharmacology of the Cardiovascular System II

5.2.1. Diuretic Drugs 

5.3. Pharmacology of the Cardiovascular System II

5.3.1. Drugs Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin System 
5.3.2. Beta-Adrenergic Antagonist Drugs

5.4. Pharmacology of the Cardiovascular System IV

5.4.1. Vasodilator Drugs 
5.4.2. Calcium Channel Antagonists 

5.5. Pharmacology of the Cardiovascular System V  

5.5.1. Antiarrhythmic Drugs

5.6. Pharmacology of the Cardiovascular System VI

5.6.1. Antianginal Drugs 
5.6.2. Lipid-Lowering Drugs 

5.7. Blood Pharmacology I  

5.7.1. Anti-Anemia Drugs 

5.7.1.1. Iron 
5.7.1.2. Folic Acid 
5.7.1.3. Vitamin b12 

5.7.2. Hematopoietic Growth Factors 

5.7.2.1. Erythropoietins 
5.7.2.2. Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factors 

5.8. Blood Pharmacology II

5.8.1. Antithrombotic Drugs 
5.8.2. Anti-Aggregation Drugs 
5.8.3. Anticoagulants 
5.8.4. Fibrinolytic Drugs 

5.9. Pharmacology of the Respiratory System I

5.9.1. Antitussives 
5.9.2. Expectorants 
5.9.3. Mucolytics 

5.10. Pharmacology of the Respiratory System II

5.10.1. Bronchodilators (Methylxanthines, Sympathomimetics, Antimuscarinics) 
5.10.2. Anti-inflammatory Drugs used in Asthma 
5.10.3. Anti-inflammatory Drugs Used in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Corticosteroids, Mediator Release Inhibitors, Leukotriene Inhibitors) 

Module 6. Pharmacology of the Digestive System 

6.1. Pharmacology of Acid Secretion I

6.1.1. Physiology of Secretion and Main Alterations 
6.1.2. Antisecretory Agents
6.1.3. Proton Pump Inhibitors 
6.1.4. Histamine H2-Receptor Antagonists 

6.2. Pharmacology of Acid Secretion II. Antacids

6.2.1. Magnesium Compounds 
6.2.2. Aluminum Compounds 
6.2.3. Calcium Carbonate 
6.2.4. Sodium Bicarbonate 

6.3. Pharmacology of Acid Secretion III. Mucous Membrane Protectors

6.3.1. Sucralfate 
6.3.2. Bismuth Salts 
6.3.3. Prostaglandin Analogs 

6.4. Pharmacology of Ruminants

6.4.1. Biochemical Alterations of Drugs in the Rumen 
6.4.2. Effects of Drugs on Ruminal Microflora 
6.4.3. Drug Distribution in the Rumen-Reticulum 
6.4.4. Salivary Secretion of Drugs 
6.4.5. Agents Affecting Pre-stomach Functions 
6.4.6. Treatment of Meteorism, Tympanism, Ruminal Acidosis and Atonia

6.5. Pharmacology of Intestinal Motility I

6.5.1. Physiology of Motility and Main Alterations 
6.5.2. Prokinetic Drugs 

6.6. Pharmacology of Intestinal Motility II

6.6.1. Antidiarrheal Drugs 
6.6.2. Prebiotics, Probiotics and Flora  

6.7. Pharmacology of Intestinal Motility III. Constipation

6.7.1. Bolus-Forming Drugs 
6.7.2. Lubricants and Emollients 
6.7.3. Osmotic Laxatives 
6.7.4. Stimulant Laxatives 
6.7.5. Enemas  

6.8. Pharmacology of Vomiting

6.8.1. Antiemetic and Emetic Drugs  
6.8.2. d2 Dopaminergic Antagonists 
6.8.3. Antihistamines 
6.8.4. Muscarinic Antagonists 
6.8.5. Serotonergic Antagonists 

6.9. Pharmacology of the Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic System

6.9.1. Choleretic and Cholagogue Drugs

6.10. Pharmacology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

6.10.1. Corticoids 
6.10.2. Immunosuppressants 
6.10.3. Antibiotics 
6.10.4. Aminosalicylates 

Module 7. Pharmacology of the Endocrine and Reproductive System. Reproductive Disorders 

7.1. Endocrine System Pharmacology

7.1.1. Introduction 
7.1.2. Classification of Hormones of Pharmacological Interest 
7.1.3. Mechanisms of Action  
7.1.4. General Information on Hormone Therapeutics 

7.2. Hormones Involved in Metabolism and Electrolyte Balance

7.2.1. Adrenal Pharmacology: Mineralocorticoids and Glucocorticoids 
7.2.2. Pharmacological Actions 
7.2.3. Therapeutic Uses 
7.2.4. Side Effects: 

7.3. Thyroid and Parathyroid Pharmacology

7.3.1. Thyroid Hormones 
7.3.2. Antithyroid Drugs 
7.3.3. Calcemia Regulation 

7.3.3.1. Calcitonin 
7.3.3.2. Parathormone 

7.4. Pharmacology of the Pancreas

7.4.1. Insulin 
7.4.2. Oral Hypoglycemic Agents 
7.4.3. Glucagon 

7.5. Hormones Involved in Reproduction

7.5.1. Introduction  
7.5.2. Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone 
7.5.3. Pituitary and Non-pituitary Gonadotropins 

7.6. Sex Hormones

7.6.1. Androgens  
7.6.2. Estrogens 
7.6.3. Progestogens 
7.6.4. Actions in the Organism 
7.6.5. Clinical Uses 
7.6.6. Toxicity 

7.7. Luteolytic Drugs

7.7.1. Prostaglandins 
7.7.2. Oxytocic Drugs: Oxytocin 
7.7.3. Pharmacology of Lactation 

7.8. Diagnostic Hormones in Veterinary Medicine

7.8.1. Diagnostic Tests 

7.8.1.1. Hormones of Diagnostic Utility in Large Animals: Production Animals 
7.8.1.2. Testosterone 
7.8.1.3. Estrogens 
7.8.1.4. Progesterone 
7.8.1.5. Iodothyronines 

7.8.2. Hormones of Diagnostic Utility in Companion Animals 

7.8.2.1. Reproductive Hormones 
7.8.2.2. Metabolic Hormones 

7.9. Pharmacology of the Reproductive System

7.9.1. Introduction  
7.9.2. Classification of Hormones of Pharmacological Interest 
7.9.3. Mechanisms of Action 
7.9.4. Therapeutics in General  

7.10. Pharmacology of Reproductive Disorders 

7.10.1. Main Reproductive Disorders 

7.10.1.1. Large Animals: Production Animals 
7.10.1.2. Companion Animals 

7.10.2. Estrous Cycle Control 
7.10.3. Melatonin 

Module 8. Antiseptics and Chemotherapeutics I 

8.1. Introduction. Definition of Antiseptic and Chemotherapeutic. Antiseptics

8.1.1. Introduction 
8.1.2. Antiseptic and Disinfectant Concept 
8.1.3. Factors Affecting the Potency of Antiseptics and Disinfectants 
8.1.4. Characteristics of an Ideal Antiseptic and Disinfectant 
8.1.5. Classification of Disinfectants and Antiseptics 
8.1.6. Main Antiseptics and Disinfectants for Clinical Use 

8.1.6.1. Alcohol 
8.1.6.2. Biguanides 
8.1.6.3. Halogenated Products 
8.1.6.4. Peroxygens   
8.1.6.5. Other Antiseptics  

8.2. Introduction to Antimicrobial Therapy. Types of Antibiotics. Rational Use

8.2.1. Introduction 
8.2.2. Historical Review of Antimicrobial Therapy 
8.2.3. Side Effects: 
8.2.4. Principles of Antibiotherapy 
8.2.5. Resistance: Types and Mechanisms of Occurrence 
8.2.6. Waiting Times 
8.2.7. Requirements for an Antimicrobial 
8.2.8. Classification of Antimicrobials  

8.2.8.1. According to its Spectrum 
8.2.8.2. According to its Effect  
8.2.8.3. According to its Mechanism of Action  
8.2.8.4. According to its Chemical Group 
8.2.8.5. Depending on the Microorganism Affected 

8.2.9. Criteria to be Followed in the Selection of a Drug 

8.3. Antimicrobials that Act Against the Bacterial Wall. Antibiotics that Inhibit Protein Synthesis

8.3.1. Antibiotics Acting Against the Bacterial Wall 

8.3.1.1. General Aspects 
8.3.1.2. Betalactams (b-lactams) 

8.3.1.2.1. Penicillins 
8.3.1.2.2. Cephalosporins 
8.3.1.2.3. Vancomycin and Bacitracin 

8.3.2. Antibiotics that Inhibit Protein Synthesis 

8.3.2.1. Aminoglycosides 
8.3.2.2. Tetracyclines 
8.3.2.3. Chloramphenicol and Derivatives 
8.3.2.4. Macrolides and Lincosamides 

8.3.3. β-Lactamase Inhibitors 

8.4. Antibiotics that Act on the Synthesis of Nucleic Acids. Antibiotics Acting on the Bacterial Membrane

8.4.1. Fluroquinolones 
8.4.2. Nitrofurans 
8.4.3. Nitroimidazoles
8.4.4. Sulfamides 
8.4.5. Polymyxins and Thyrotricins 

8.5. Antifungal

8.5.1. General Description of the Mycotic Structure 
8.5.2. Classification of Antifungal Agents by Chemical Structure 
8.5.3. Systemic Antifungals 
8.5.4. Topical Antifungals 

8.6. Antivirals 

8.6.1. Objective of Antiviral Chemotherapy 
8.6.2. Groups of Antivirals According to their Origin, Chemistry, Pharmacological Action, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Posology, Therapeutic Uses, Adverse Reactions, Contraindications, Interactions and Pharmaceutical Forms 

8.6.2.1. Inhibitors of RNA and DNA Synthesis 
8.6.2.2. Purine Analogs 
8.6.2.3. Pyrimidine Analogs 
8.6.2.4. Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors 
8.6.2.5. Interferons

8.7. Antiparasitics II

8.7.1. Introduction to Antiparasitic Therapy 
8.7.2. Importance of Dewormers in Veterinary Medicine 
8.7.3. General Concepts: Antinematodic, Anticestodic, Antitrematodic, Antiprotozoal, Ectoparasiticide and Endectocide

8.8. Antiparasitics for Internal or Endoparasitic Use

8.8.1. Antinematodes 
8.8.2. Antistatics 
8.8.3. Antitrematodic 
8.8.4. Antiprotozoals 

8.9. Antiparasitics for External or Ectoparasitic Use

8.9.1. Introduction to External Parasites 
8.9.2. Antiparasitics II  

8.10. Antiparasitics for Internal and External Use or Endectocides

8.10.1. Introduction  
8.10.2. Macrocyclic Lactones 
8.10.3. Main Combinations of Endectocide Use 

Module 9. Chemotherapy II: Antineoplastic Drugs 

9.1. Introduction to Antineoplastic Therapy

9.1.1. Cancer in Veterinary Medicine: Pathophysiology and Etiology of Cancer 
9.1.2. Antineoplastic Treatment Approach: Drug Posology  
9.1.3. Administration of Chemotherapy Drugs 

9.1.3.1. Care in the Application of Chemotherapeutic Agents 
9.1.3.2. Standards and Instructions for Chemotherapy Application: Preparation/During Preparation/Administration of Cytotoxic Drugs 

9.2. Palliative Antineoplastic Pharmacology. Introduction to Special Antineoplastic Pharmacology

9.2.1. Introduction to Palliative Antineoplastic Pharmacology: Oncologic Pain Control/Assessment. Pharmacological Principles for Palliative Pain Management. Nutritional Management of the Oncology Patient
9.2.2. Non-Steroidal Analgesics 
9.2.3. Opioids 
9.2.4. Others: NMDA Antagonists, Bisphosphonates, Tricyclic Antidepressants, Anticonvulsants, Nutraceuticals, Cannabidiol 
9.2.5. Introduction to Special Antineoplastic Pharmacology. Main Antineoplastic Drug Families 

9.3. Family 1: Alkylating Agents

9.3.1. Introduction 
9.3.2. Nitrogen Mustards: Cyclophosphamide, Chlorambucil and Melphalan 
9.3.3. Nitrosoureas: Lomustine/Procarbazine 
9.3.4. Others: Hydroxyurea 
9.3.5. Main Uses in Veterinary Medicine 

9.4. Family 2: Antimetabolites

9.4.1. Introduction 
9.4.2. Folic Acid Analogs (Antifolates): Methotrexate 
9.4.3. Purine Analogues: Azathioprine
9.4.4. Pyrimidine Analogues: Cytosine Arabinoside, Gentabicin, 5-Fluorouracil 
9.4.5. Main Uses in Veterinary Medicine

9.5. Family 3: Antibiotics

9.5.1. Introduction 
9.5.2. Anthracycline-Derived Antibiotics (Doxorubicin/Other Anthracyclines) and Non-Anthracycline-Derived Antibiotics (Actinomycin-d, Mitoxantrone, Bleomycin) 
9.5.3. Main Uses in Veterinary Medicine 

9.6. Family 4: Antineoplastics of Plant Origin

9.6.1. Introduction  
9.6.2 . Alkaloids: History/Antitumor Activity. Vinca Alkaloids
9.6.3. Epipododiphyllotoxin-Derived Ligands 
9.6.4. Camptothecin Alkaloid Analogs 
9.6.5. Main Uses in Veterinary Medicine 

9.7. Family 5: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

9.7.1. Introduction 
9.7.2. Protein Kinases: Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Proteins (NRTK; Receptor Tyrosine Kinase RTK) 
9.7.3. Toceranib 
9.7.4. Masitinib 
9.7.5. Main Uses in Veterinary Medicine 

9.8. Platinum Derivatives  

9.8.1. Introduction 
9.8.2. Carboplatin 
9.8.3. Cisplatin 
9.8.4. Main Uses in Veterinary Medicine 

9.9. Miscellaneous. Monoclonal Antibodies. Nanotherapy. L-asparaginase

9.9.1. Introduction 
9.9.2. L-asparaginase 
9.9.3. Monoclonal Antibodies 
9.9.4. Tigylanol Toglate (stelfonta) 
9.9.5. Immunotherapy 
9.9.6. Metronomic Therapy 

9.10. Toxicity of Antineoplastic Drugs

9.10.1. Introduction 
9.10.2. Hematological Toxicity 
9.10.3. Gastrointestinal Toxicity 
9.10.4. Cardiotoxicity     
9.10.5. Urinary Toxicity 
9.10.6. Specific Toxicities: Hepatic, Neurological, Cutaneous, Hypersensitivity, Breed/Species Associated
9.10.7. Pharmacological Interactions 

Module 10. Natural Therapies: Homeopathy, Phytotherapy and Nutraceuticals 

10.1. Introduction

10.1.1. Definition of Natural Therapies 
10.1.2. Classification 
10.1.3. Differences with Conventional Medicine 
10.1.4. Regulation 
10.1.5. Scientific Evidence 
10.1.6. Risk 

10.2. Homeopathy I

10.2.1. Brief Historical Review. Hahnemann's Concept  
10.2.2. Concept of Homeopathy: Key Ideas 
10.2.3. Basic Principles 

10.3. Homeopathy II The Field of Homeopathy 

10.3.1. Constitutions 
10.3.2. Symptom Modalities 
10.3.3. Medical History 
10.3.4. Hering Blade 

10.4. Homeopathy III Properties

10.4.1. Preparation 

10.4.1.1. Substances Used in Their Manufacture 
10.4.1.2. Excipients 

10.4.2. Preparation of Mother Tincture 
10.4.3. Dilutions 

10.4.3.1. Dilution Methods and Dilutions 
10.4.3.2. Dynamization or Succussion 
10.4.3.3. Classification of Dilutions 

10.4.4. Pharmaceutical Forms 
10.4.5. Routes of Administration 

10.5. Homeopathy IV Related Symptoms

10.5.1. General Aspects 
10.5.2. Medical Subject Matter. Hahnemann Treatise 
10.5.3. Introduction to the Repertoire 

10.6. Approach to Pathologies from the Homeopathic Repertorization (I)

10.6.1. Digestive system 
10.6.2. Respiratory System 
10.6.3. Urinary System 
10.6.4. Male and Female Genital Apparatus 

10.7. Approach to Pathologies from the Homeopathic Repertorization (II)

10.7.1. Mammitis 
10.7.2. Tegumentary System 
10.7.3. Locomotor System 
10.7.4. Sensory Organs 

10.8. Phytotherapy

10.8.1. Brief Historical Review 
10.8.2. Veterinary Phytotherapy 
10.8.3. Active Ingredients of Medicinal Plants 
10.8.4. Preparations and Forms of Administration 
10.8.5. Prescribing and Dispensing Guide 

10.9. Phytotherapy. Addressing Pathologies

10.9.1. Digestive system 
10.9.2. Respiratory System 
10.9.3. Urinary System 
10.9.4. Male and Female Genital Apparatus 
10.9.5. Locomotor System 

10.10. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

10.10.1. Brief Historical Review 
10.10.2. Definition 
10.10.3. Classification and Application 

Take the opportunity to learn about the latest advances in this field in order to apply it to your daily practice"