With this 100% online Advances in Antibiotic Therapy and Antibiotic Resistance, you will design the most effective strategies for the management of Antibiotic Resistance and ensure the overall well-being of patients in the long term” 

One of the greatest challenges today is addressing Antibiotic Resistance, a phenomenon driven by the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in both humans and animals. This issue has slowed the development of new treatments, as research and investment are progressing at a still limited pace. At the same time, it presents a significant challenge in Microbiology laboratories, where the rational and accurate use of these drugs is essential. To effectively tackle this problem, healthcare professionals must stay informed about the latest advances in the research, approval, and commercialization of new antibiotics, as well as in the monitoring and management of antibiotic therapy.  

In response to this need, TECH offers an innovative Master's Degree in Advances in Antibiotic Therapy and Antibiotic Resistance. The program’s learning materials will delve into the latest trends in pharmacology, the study of the blood-brain barrier, and so-called "superbugs.” Graduates will gain advanced clinical competencies to optimize antibiotic prescriptions, select targeted therapies, and apply infection control strategies in various clinical settings. They will also be equipped to interpret advanced microbiological diagnostic tests, analyze patterns of antimicrobial resistance, and design management protocols for patients with multidrug-resistant infections. 

In addition, TECH applies its disruptive Relearning methodology, which ensures a progressive and intuitive learning process. As a result, professionals do not need to invest long hours in study or rely on traditional memorization-based techniques. Learners only need a device with an Internet connection to access the virtual classroom.  

Moreover, the program features the participation of a renowned International Guest Director, who will deliver 10 Masterclasses. 

A renowned International Guest Director will offer exclusive Masterclasses to delve into the the latest advances and Strategies in Antibiotic Resistance” 

This Master's Degree in AAdvances in Antibiotic Therapy and Antibiotic Resistance contains the most complete and up-to-date university program on the market. Its most notable features are:

• The development of practical case studies presented by experts in Medicine  
• The graphic, schematic, and practical contents with which they are created, provide scientific and practical information on the disciplines that are essential for professional practice 
• Practical exercises where the self-assessment process can be carried out to improve learning 
• Its special emphasis on innovative methodologies in the management of the audiovisual industry 
• Theoretical lessons, questions to the expert, debate forums on controversial topics, and individual reflection assignments 
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection 

Thanks to TECH's Relearning method, you will be able to consolidate the key concepts offered by this university degree from the comfort of your home” 

The teaching staff includes professionals belonging to the field of medicine, who contribute their work experience to this program, as well as renowned specialists from reference societies and prestigious universities. 

The multimedia content, developed with the latest educational technology, will provide the professional with situated and contextual learning, i.e., a simulated environment that will provide an immersive learning experience designed to prepare for real-life situations. 

This program is designed around Problem-Based Learning, whereby students must try to solve the different professional practice situations that arise during the academic year. For this purpose, professionals will be assisted by an innovative interactive video system created by renowned and experienced experts.

You will understand the mechanisms of action of Antibiotics, as well as their pharmacokinetics and impact on the microbiota"

You will optimize Antibiotic prescription, ensuring a rational use based on evidence and individual characteristics of the users"

Antibiotic Resistance is a growing challenge that requires professionals trained in new prevention and treatment strategies. Therefore, this syllabus offers a comprehensive specialization on pharmacology, new antibiotics and resistance control, combining scientific evidence with a practical approach. As a result, graduates will be able to accurately apply the most effective antimicrobial therapies, optimize drug prescription and design infection control strategies in different clinical settings.  

You will apply principles of Personalized Medicine in Antibiotic Therapy, using pharmacogenomics and precision microbiology” 

Module 1. Overview of Microbiology 

1.1. General Elements of Microbiology 

1.1.1. The Role of Microbiology in the Study of Infectious Diseases 
1.1.2. Structure and Function of the Microbiology Laboratory 
1.1.3. Indication and interpretation of microbiological studies 

1.2. Virology  

1.2.1. General Characteristics of Viruses 
1.2.2. Classification and the Main Viruses Affecting Humans 
1.2.3. Emerging Viruses 
1.2.4. Virological Studies 

1.3. Bacteriology: Current Concepts for Antibiotic Therapeutics 

1.3.1. General Characteristics of Bacteria 
1.3.2. Classification and Main Bacteria Affecting Humans 
1.3.3. Microbiological Studies 

1.4. Mycology 

1.4.1. General Characteristics of Fungi 
1.4.2. Classification and Main Fungi Affecting Humans 
1.4.3. Mycological Studies 

1.5. Parasitology 

1.5.1. General Characteristics of Parasites 
1.5.2. Classification and Main Parasites Affecting Humans 
1.5.3. Parasitological Studies 

1.6. The Microbiological Sample: Collection, Storage and Transport 

1.6.1. The Microbiological Sampling Process: Preanalytical, Analytical, and Postanalytical Stages 
1.6.2. Sampling Requirements for the Main Microbiological Studies used in Daily Clinical Practice: Blood, Urine, Stool and Sputum 

1.7. Antibiogram: New Concepts for Interpretation and Utilization 

1.7.1. Traditional Antibiogram Reading 
1.7.2. Interpreted Antibiogram Reading and the Mechanisms of New Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes 
1.7.3. Antimicrobial Mapping and Resistance Patterns 

1.8. Rapid Diagnostic Methods: News about their Application 

1.8.1. Rapid Diagnostic Methods for Viruses 
1.8.2. Rapid Diagnostic Methods for Bacteria 
1.8.3. Rapid Diagnostic Methods for Fungi 
1.8.4. Rapid Diagnostic Methods for Parasites 

1.9. Molecular Biology in Microbiological Diagnostics: Its Role in the Future 

1.9.1. Development and Application of Molecular Biology in Microbiological Methods 

1.10. Microbiology: Challenges to Improve Antibiotic Usage and Control Antibiotic Resistance 

1.10.1. Challenges and Obstacles for Microbiological Diagnostics 
1.10.2. Future Challenges of Microbiology Laboratory Management in the Correct and Rational Use of Antibiotics 
1.10.3. Future Microbiological Techniques to Study Antibiotic Resistance 

Module 2. Introduction to Pharmacology and Treatment 

2.1. Utility of Clinical Pharmacology 

2.1.1. Concept 
2.1.2. Object of Study 
2.1.3. Branches of Pharmacology 
2.1.4. Use of Clinical Pharmacology 

2.2. Pharmacokinetics: Certainties and Contradictions in its Practical Use 

2.2.1. The Dynamics of Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Elimination of Drugs, Especially Antimicrobials 

2.3. Pharmacodynamics: Its Use in the Practical Use of New Antimicrobials 

2.3.1. Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Drugs, Especially Antimicrobials 
2.3.2. Drug-Drug Interactions of Antibiotics with Other Medications 
2.3.3. Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Models in Antibiotic Use 

2.4. Pharmacovigilance 

2.4.1. Concept 
2.4.2. Objectives 
2.4.3. Antibiotic Adverse Reactions 

2.5. Pharmacoepidemiology: Update on Antimicrobial Research. 

2.5.1. Concept 
2.5.2. Objectives 
2.5.3. Drug Usage Studies 

2.6. Clinical Trials 

2.6.1. Concept 
2.6.2. Study Methodology 
2.6.3. Objectives 
2.6.4. The Stages of Clinical Trials 
2.6.5. Uses 

2.7. Meta-Analysis 

2.7.1. Concept 
2.7.2. Study Methodology 
2.7.3. Objectives 
2.7.4. Uses  

2.8. Rational Treatment: From Old to New and Evidence-Based Medicine 

2.8.1. Stages of Rational Treatment 
2.8.2. Use and Importance of Rational Treatment 

2.9. Clinical Practice Guidelines: New Approaches to Practical Application 

2.9.1. Creating Clinical Practice Guidelines 
2.9.2. The Impact of Clinical Practice Guidelines 

2.10. Clinical Pharmacology: Advances and Future Perspectives for the Improvement of Antibiotic Treatment. 

2.10.1. Research Activities and Scientific Advances: Pharmacy Fiction? 
2.10.2. Molecular Pharmacology: its Role in Antibiotic Therapy 

Module 3. Antimicrobials: General Aspects 

3.1. History and Development of Antimicrobials 

3.1.1. Emergence and Development of Antimicrobial Treatments 
3.1.2. Impact on Morbidity and Mortality of Infectious Diseases 

3.2. Classifications: Practical and Future Use of Each Each One Of Them 

3.2.1. Chemical Classification 
3.2.2. Classification by Antimicrobial Action 
3.2.3. Classification According to their Antimicrobial Spectrum 

3.3. Update on the Mechanisms of Action of Antimicrobials 

3.3.1. Main Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Action 

3.4. General and Latest Elements of Antimicrobial Treatments 

3.4.1. General and Recent Concepts in the Use of Antimicrobials 
3.4.2. New Developments in the Use of Antimicrobial Combinations 
3.4.3. Interactions between Antimicrobials 

3.5. Antibiotic Prophylaxis: Its Current Role in Surgical Morbidity and Mortality 

3.5.1. Concept 
3.5.2. Objectives 
3.5.3. Types of Antibiotic Prophylaxis 
3.5.4. Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis 

3.6. Phased Antibiotic Treatment: Current Criteria 

3.6.1. Concept 
3.6.2. Principles 
3.6.3. Objectives 

3.7. Latest Concepts in the Use of Antibiotics in Renal Failure 

3.7.1. Renal Excretion of Antibiotics 
3.7.2. Renal Toxicity of Antibiotics 
3.7.3. Dose Modification in Renal Failure 

3.8. Antibiotics and the Blood-Brain Barrier: Recent Findings 

3.8.1. The Passage of Antibiotics through the Blood-Brain Barrier 
3.8.2. Antibiotics in Central Nervous System Infections 

3.9. Antibiotics and Liver Failure: Progress and Future Challenges 

3.9.1. Hepatic Metabolism of Antibiotics 
3.9.2. Hepatic Toxicity of Antimicrobials 
3.9.3. Dose Adjustment in Hepatic Insufficiency 

3.10. Antibiotic Use in the Immunosuppressed: The New Paradigm 

3.10.1. Immune Response to Infection 
3.10.2. Main Opportunistic Germs in the Immunosuppressed 
3.10.3. Principles for the Choice and Duration of Antibiotic Therapy in the Immunosuppressed 

3.11. Antibiotics in Pregnancy and Lactation: The Safety of their Use According to the Latest Scientific Findings 

3.11.1. The Passage of Antibiotics through the Placenta 
3.11.2. Antibiotics and Breast Milk 
3.11.3. Teratogenicity of Antibiotics 

Module 4. Antivirals 

4.1. General Features of Antivirals 

4.1.1. Classification 
4.1.2. Main Indications of Antivirals 

4.2. Mechanisms of Action 

4.2.1. Mechanisms of Action of Antivirals 

4.3. Antivirals for Hepatitis: New Recommendations and Future Research Projections 

4.3.1. Specific Viral Hepatitis 
4.3.2. Hepatitis B Treatment 
4.3.3. Hepatitis C Treatment 

4.4. Antivirals for Respiratory Infections: Current Scientific Evidence 

4.4.1. Main Respiratory Viruses 
4.4.2. Influenza Treatment 
4.4.3. Other Respiratory System Virus Treatments 

4.5. Antivirals for Herpes Viruses: Recent Changes in Management 

4.5.1. Main Herpes Virus Infections 
4.5.2. Herpes Simplex Infection Treatment 
4.5.3. Treatment of Varicella Zoster Virus Infections 

4.6. Antiretrovirals for HIV: Certainties and Controversies. Future Challenges 

4.6.1. Classification of Antiretrovirals 
4.6.2. Mechanisms of Action of Antiretrovirals 
4.6.3. Antiretroviral Treatment of HIV Infection 
4.6.4. Adverse Reactions 
4.6.5. Antiretroviral Treatment Failure 

4.7. Topical Antivirals 

4.7.1. Main Viral Infections of the Skin and Mucous Membranes 
4.7.2. Topical Antivirals 

4.8. Update on Interferons: Their Use in Viral and Non-Infectious Diseases. 

4.8.1. Classification and Action of Interferons 
4.8.2. Uses of Interferons 
4.8.3. Adverse Reactions of Interferons 

4.9. New Areas of Antiviral Development 

4.9.1. Antibiotics in Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers 
4.9.2. Future Prospects for Antiviral Chemotherapy 

Module 5. Antibiotics I 

5.1. Advances in the Knowledge of the Synthesis and Structure of the Beta-Lactam Ring 

5.1.1. Structure of the Beta-Lactam Ring 
5.1.2. Drugs that Act on the Synthesis of the Beta-Lactam Ring 

5.2. Penicillins: New Drugs and their Future Role in Anti-Infection Treatments 

5.2.1. Classification 
5.2.2. Mechanism of Action 
5.2.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
5.2.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
5.2.5. Therapeutic Uses 
5.2.6. Adverse Effects 
5.2.7. Presentation and Dosage 

5.3. Antistaphylococcal Penicillins: From Old to New and their Practical Implications 

5.3.1. Classification 
5.3.2. Mechanism of Action 
5.3.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
5.3.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
5.3.5. Therapeutic Uses 
5.3.6. Adverse Effects 
5.3.7. Presentation and Dosage 

5.4. Antipseudomonal Penicillins: Current Resistance Challenge 

5.4.1. Classification 
5.4.2. Mechanism of Action 
5.4.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
5.4.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
5.4.5. Therapeutic Uses 
5.4.6. Adverse Effects 
5.4.7. Presentation and Dosage 

5.5. Cephalosporins: Present and Future 

5.5.1. Classification 
5.5.2. Mechanism of Action 
5.5.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
5.5.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
5.5.5. Therapeutic Uses 
5.5.6. Adverse Effects 
5.5.7. Presentation and Dosage 

5.6. Oral Cephalosporins: New Developments in their Outpatient Use 

5.6.1. Classification 
5.6.2. Mechanism of Action 
5.6.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
5.6.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
5.6.5. Therapeutic Uses 
5.6.6. Adverse Effects 
5.6.7. Presentation and Dosage 

5.7. Monobactams 

5.7.1. Classification 
5.7.2. Mechanism of Action 
5.7.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
5.7.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
5.7.5. Therapeutic Uses 
5.7.6. Adverse Effects 
5.7.7. Presentation and Dosage 

5.8. Carbapenemics 

5.8.1. Classification 
5.8.2. Mechanism of Action 
5.8.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
5.8.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
5.8.5. Therapeutic Uses 
5.8.6. Adverse Effects 
5.8.7. Presentation and Dosage 

5.9. Beta-Lactamases: The Recent Discovery of Strains and their Role in Resistance 

5.9.1. Classification 
5.9.2. Action on Beta-Lactams 

5.10. Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors 

5.10.1. Classification 
5.10.2. Mechanism of Action 
5.10.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
5.10.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
5.10.5. Therapeutic Uses 
5.10.6. Adverse Effects 
5.10.7. Presentation and Dosage 

Module 6. Antibiotics II 

6.1. Glycopeptides: The New Drugs for GramPositive Germs 

6.1.1. Classification 
6.1.2. Mechanism of Action 
6.1.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
6.1.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
6.1.5. Therapeutic Uses 
6.1.6. Adverse Effects 
6.1.7. Presentation and Dosage 

6.2. Cyclic Lipopeptides: Recent Advances and its Future Role 

6.2.1. Classification 
6.2.2. Mechanism of Action 
6.2.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
6.2.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
6.2.5. Therapeutic Uses 
6.2.6. Adverse Effects 
6.2.7. Presentation and Dosage 

6.3. Macrolides: Their Role as an Immunomodulator in the Respiratory System 

6.3.1. Classification 
6.3.2. Mechanism of Action 
6.3.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
6.3.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
6.3.5. Therapeutic Uses 
6.3.6. Adverse Effects 
6.3.7. Presentation and Dosage 

6.4. Ketolides 

6.4.1. Classification 
6.4.2. Mechanism of Action 
6.4.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
6.4.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
6.4.5. Therapeutic Uses 
6.4.6. Adverse Effects 
6.4.7. Presentation and Dosage 

6.5. Tetracyclines: Old and New Indications According to the Most Recent Advances in Emerging Diseases 

6.5.1. Classification 
6.5.2. Mechanism of Action 
6.5.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
6.5.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
6.5.5. Therapeutic Uses 
6.5.6. Adverse Effects 
6.5.7. Presentation and Dosage 

6.6. Aminoglycosides: Facts and Realities of their Current and Future Utilization 

6.6.1. Classification 
6.6.2. Mechanism of Action 
6.6.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
6.6.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
6.6.5. Current Therapeutic Uses and Future Trends 
6.6.6. Adverse Effects 
6.6.7. Presentation and Dosage 

6.7. Quinolones: All Generations and Practical Use 

6.7.1. Classification 
6.7.2. Mechanism of Action 
6.7.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
6.7.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
6.7.5. Therapeutic Uses 
6.7.6. Adverse Effects 
6.7.7. Presentation and Dosage 

6.8. Respiratory Quinolones: Latest Recommendations on their Use 

6.8.1. Classification 
6.8.2. Mechanism of Action 
6.8.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
6.8.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
6.8.5. Therapeutic Uses 
6.8.6. Adverse Effects 
6.8.7. Presentation and Dosage 

6.9. Streptogramins 

6.9.1. Classification 
6.9.2. Mechanism of Action 
6.9.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
6.9.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
6.9.5. Therapeutic Uses 
6.9.6. Adverse Effects 
6.9.7. Presentation and Dosage 

Module 7. Antibiotics III 

7.1. Oxazolidinones 

7.1.1. Classification 
7.1.2. Mechanism of Action 
7.1.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
7.1.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
7.1.5. Therapeutic Uses 
7.1.6. Adverse Effects 
7.1.7. Presentation and Dosage 

7.2. Sulfas 

7.2.1. Classification 
7.2.2. Mechanism of Action 
7.2.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
7.2.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
7.2.5. Therapeutic Uses 
7.2.6. Adverse Effects 
7.2.7. Presentation and Dosage 

7.3. Lincosamides 

7.3.1. Classification 
7.3.2. Mechanism of Action 
7.3.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
7.3.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
7.3.5. Therapeutic Uses 
7.3.6. Adverse Effects 
7.3.7. Presentation and Dosage 

7.4. Rifamycins: Practical Use in TB and Other Infections Today 

7.4.1. Classification 
7.4.2. Mechanism of Action 
7.4.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
7.4.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
7.4.5. Therapeutic Uses 
7.4.6. Adverse Effects 
7.4.7. Presentation and Dosage 

7.5. Antifolates 

7.5.1. Classification 
7.5.2. Mechanism of Action 
7.5.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
7.5.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
7.5.5. Therapeutic Uses 
7.5.6. Adverse Effects 
7.5.7. Presentation and Dosage 

7.6. Antibiotics for Leprosy: Recent Advances 

7.6.1. Classification 
7.6.2. Mechanism of Action 
7.6.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
7.6.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
7.6.5. Therapeutic Uses 
7.6.6. Adverse Effects 
7.6.7. Presentation and Dosage 

7.7. Antituberculosis Drugs: Latest Recommendations for their Use 

7.7.1. Classification 
7.7.2. Mechanism of Action 
7.7.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
7.7.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
7.7.5. Therapeutic Uses 
7.7.6. Adverse Effects 
7.7.7. Presentation and Dosage 

7.8. Parenteral Antibiotic Use in Outpatients: Latest Recommendations 

7.8.1. Main Indications for Parenteral Antibiotics in Outpatients 
7.8.2. Monitoring Outpatients Receiving Parenteral Antibiotic Treatment 

7.9. Latest Developments on Antibiotics for Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria 

7.9.1. Antibiotics for Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Positive Bacteria 
7.9.2. Antibiotics for Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria 

Module 8. Antifungals 

8.1. General Elements 

8.1.1. Concept 
8.1.2. Origins and Development 

8.2. Classification 

8.2.1. Classification According to Chemical Structure 
8.2.2. Classification According to Action: Local and Systemic 

8.3. Mechanisms of Action 

8.3.1. Mechanisms of Action of Antifungal Agents 

8.4. Systemic Antifungals: Latest Developments on Their Toxicity and Present and Future Indications 

8.4.1. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
8.4.2. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
8.4.3. Therapeutic Uses 
8.4.4. Adverse Effects 
8.4.5. Presentation and Dosage 

8.5. Amphotericin B: Novel Concepts in Its Use 

8.5.1. Mechanism of Action 
8.5.2. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
8.5.3. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
8.5.4. Therapeutic Uses 
8.5.5. Adverse Effects 
8.5.6. Presentation and Dosage 

8.6. Deep Mycosis Treatment: Current Events and Future Perspectives 

8.6.1. Aspergillosis 
8.6.2. Coccidioidomycosis 
8.6.3. Cryptococcosis 
8.6.4. Histoplasmosis 

8.7. Local Antifungals 

8.7.1. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
8.7.2. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
8.7.3. Therapeutic Uses 
8.7.4. Adverse Effects 
8.7.5. Presentation and Dosage 

8.8. Treatment of Skin and Mucous Mycosis 

8.8.1. Tinea Capitis 
8.8.2. Skin Tinea 
8.8.3. Onychomycosis 

8.9. Liver Toxicity of Systemic Antifungal Agents: Future Challenges 

8.9.1. Liver Metabolism of Antifungal Agents 
8.9.2. Hepatotoxicity of Antifungal Agents 

Module 9. Antiparasitics II 

9.1. General Elements 

9.1.1. Concept 
9.1.2. Origins and Development 

9.2. Classification 

9.2.1. Classification by Chemical Structure 
9.2.2. Classification by Action Against Different Parasites 

9.3. Mechanisms of Action 

9.3.1. Action Mechanisms of Antiparasitics 

9.4. Antiparasitics for Intestinal Parasitism: New Advances 

9.4.1. Classification 
9.4.2. Mechanism of Action 
9.4.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
9.4.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
9.4.5. Therapeutic Uses 
9.4.6. Adverse Effects 
9.4.7. Presentation and Dosage 

9.5. Antimalarials: Latest WHO Recommendations 

9.5.1. Classification 
9.5.2. Mechanism of Action 
9.5.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
9.5.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
9.5.5. Therapeutic Uses 
9.5.6. Adverse Effects 
9.5.7. Presentation and Dosage 

9.6. Update on Antiparasitics for Filariasis 

9.6.1. Classification 
9.6.2. Mechanism of Action 
9.6.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
9.6.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
9.6.5. Therapeutic Uses 
9.6.6. Adverse Effects 
9.6.7. Presentation and Dosage 

9.7. Latest Advances in Antiparasitics for Trypanosomiasis 

9.7.1. Classification 
9.7.2. Mechanism of Action 
9.7.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
9.7.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
9.7.5. Therapeutic Uses 
9.7.6. Adverse Effects 
9.7.7. Presentation and Dosage 

9.8. Antiparasitics for Schistosomiasis 

9.8.1. Classification 
9.8.2. Mechanism of Action 
9.8.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
9.8.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
9.8.5. Therapeutic Uses 
9.8.6. Adverse Effects 
9.8.7. Presentation and Dosage 

9.9. Antiparasitics for Leishmaniasis 

9.9.1. Classification 
9.9.2. Mechanism of Action 
9.9.3. Antimicrobial Spectrum 
9.9.4. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 
9.9.5. Therapeutic Uses 
9.9.6. Adverse Effects 
9.9.7. Presentation and Dosage 

9.10. Treatment of Other Less Common Parasitic Infections 

9.10.1. Dracunculiasis 
9.10.2. Hydatid Cyst 
9.10.3. Other Tissue Parasites 

Module 10. Antibiotic Resistance 

10.1. Emergence and Development of Antibiotic Resistance 

10.1.1. Concept 
10.1.2. Classification 
10.1.3. Origins and Development 

10.2. Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance: An Update 

10.2.1. Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance 
10.2.2. New Resistance Mechanisms 

10.3. Staphylococcal Resistance: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow 

10.3.1. Evolution of Staphylococcal Resistance 
10.3.2. Mechanisms of Staphylococcal Resistance 

10.4. Resistance of Gram-Positive Germs: Latest Recommendations 

10.4.1. Evolution and Resistance of Gram-Positive Germs 
10.4.2. Resistance Mechanisms of Gram-Positive Germs 

10.5. Resistance of Gram-Negative Germs: Current Clinical Implications 

10.5.1. Evolution of Gram-Negative Germ Resistance 
10.5.2. Mechanisms of Gram-Negative Germs Resistance 

10.6. Virus Resistance 

10.6.1. Evolution of Virus Resistance 
10.6.2. Virus Resistance Mechanisms 

10.7. Fungal Resistance 

10.7.1. Evolution of Fungal Resistance 
10.7.2. Mechanisms of Fungal Resistance 

10.8. Parasite Resistance: An Emerging Problem 

10.8.1. Evolution of Parasite Resistance 
10.8.2. Mechanisms of Parasite Resistance 
10.8.3. Resistance to Antimalarials 

10.9. New Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance and Superbugs 

10.9.1. Emergence and Progression of Superbugs 
10.9.2. New Resistance Mechanisms of Superbacteria 

10.10. Antibiotic Resistance Control Mechanisms and Programs 

10.10.1. Antibiotic Resistance Control Strategies 
10.10.2. Global Program and International Experiences in the Control of Antibiotic Resistance 

Module 11. Monitoring and Control of Antimicrobial Use 

11.1. Antibiotic Treatment Duration in the Treatment of Infections: New Role of Biomarkers 

11.1.1. Update on the Adequate Duration of the Most Frequent Infections 
11.1.2. Clinical and Laboratory Parameters to Determine the Duration of Treatment 

11.2. Antimicrobial Usage Studies: Most Recent Impacts 

11.2.1. The Significance of Antimicrobial Usage Studies 
11.2.2. Results of Greater Impact in Recent Years by Antimicrobial Usage Studies 

11.3. Antibiotic Committees in Hospitals: Their Role in the Future 

11.3.1. Structure and Operation 
11.3.2. Objectives 
11.3.3. Activities 
11.3.4. Impacts 

11.4. Antimicrobial Use Policies: Current Impact on Antimicrobial Use 

11.4.1. Concepts 
11.4.2. Types of Policies 
11.4.3. Objectives 
11.4.4. Impacts 

11.5. Pharmacotherapeutic Committees: Practical Importance 

11.5.1. Structure and Function 
11.5.2. Objectives 
11.5.3. Activities 
11.5.4. Impacts 

11.6. Infectious Disease Specialists and their Role in the Rational Use of Antimicrobials 

11.6.1. Functions and Activities of Infectious Disease Specialists to Promote and Encourage the Rational Use of Antimicrobials 

11.7. Impact of Training and Professional Development on Antimicrobial Usage 

11.7.1. Importance of Training and Professional Development 
11.7.2. Types 
11.7.3. Impacts 

11.8. Hospital Strategies for Rational Antimicrobial Use: What the Evidence Says 

11.8.1. Hospital Strategies for the Control of the Rational Use of Antimicrobials 
11.8.2. Impacts 

11.9. Scientific Research for the Future Control and Monitoring of Antibiotic Therapy in Patients with Sepsis 

11.9.1. Search for New Parameters and Markers for Monitoring and Control of Antibiotic Therapeutics 

Module 12. Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Treatments of the Future 

12.1. Research, Approval, and Commercialization of New Antibiotics 

12.1.1. Antimicrobial Research 
12.1.2. Antimicrobial Approval Process 
12.1.3. Antimicrobial Marketing and Large Pharmaceutical Companies 

12.2. Ongoing Clinical Trials for the Approval of New Antibiotics 

12.2.1. New Clinical Trials on Antimicrobials 

12.3. Old Antibiotics with New Uses 

12.3.1. The Role of Old Antibiotics with New Uses 
12.3.2. Antimicrobial Withdrawal 
12.3.3. Chemical Alterations of Old Antimicrobials 

12.4. Treatment Goals and New Ways to Fight Infections: What’s New in Research 

12.4.1. New Treatment Goals 
12.4.2. New Ways to Treat Sepsis 

12.5. Monoclonal Antibodies in Infections: Present and Future 

12.5.1. Origin and Emergence of Monoclonal Antibodies 
12.5.2. Classification 
12.5.3. Clinical Uses 
12.5.4. Impact Results in Infectious Diseases 

12.6. Other Drugs to Regulate and Stimulate Immune Response against Infection 

12.6.1. Drugs to Regulate and Control the Immune Response 

12.7. Futuristic Antibiotics 

12.7.1. The Future of Antimicrobials 
12.7.2. Antibiotics of the Future

Explore antibiotic resistance in depth with a program that covers everything from the fundamentals to the most innovative strategies in diagnosis, treatment, and control. All with a practical, evidence-based approach”