The most complete, effective and specialized program in Swine Production and Clinical Practice on the online academic market”

The Master's Degree in Swine Production and Clinical Practice analyzes the different Swine Production Models and their characteristics with a focus on Animal Production, Health and Welfare. It is necessary for veterinary professionals to become aware of the importance of correctly choosing future breeding females on the farm and become familiar with the new technologies and protocols used in artificial insemination for both nulliparous and multiparous sows.  

This program examines the tools required to optimize and improve management at three critical points in swine production: gestation, farrowing and lactation. Regarding piglets, farrowing and lactation will be the pillars of both their survival and their future health.  

The program will delve deeper into the most frequently observed diseases in the productive phases of gestation, maternity, transition and fattening, establishing the diagnostic methodology and the most appropriate treatment, management and prophylaxis plans for each case.  

The origin of Reproductive Pathology can be congenital, traumatic, endocrine, infectious or due to management failure. The most important thing, besides diagnosis and treatment, is to look for the causes of reproductive failure and correct them.  

An important objective of this program is to exhaustively review the most important points that will determine the boar's success. The operation at insemination centers will be studied, the technologies used to perform seminal contrast today and the new technologies that are expected to be implemented in the coming years will be analyzed.  

The biosafety conditions in swine breeding and production require that both anesthetic and surgical procedures be performed on the farm itself. Therefore, it is essential to adapt anesthetic and surgical techniques to field conditions, far from the sterility of an operating room and the safety provided by anesthetic monitoring.  

Swine Clinical Veterinarians must be prepared to face these situations by providing adequate anesthesia and analgesia for the correct performance of any surgical intervention.  

There are situations in which, given the impossibility of resolving animal pathology and avoiding suffering, professionals must resort to humane euthanasia.

The Master's Degree in Swine Production and Clinical Practice contains the most complete and up-to-date online academic program on the market. The contents will be accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection, guaranteeing that students will be able to use their available time to achieve their objectives of improving their knowledge and skills in this field. Furthermore, the program's methodological design integrates the latest advances in educational technology, facilitating students' learning. 

Join the elite with this highly effective Master's Degree, which will open new paths for your professional development”

The Master's Degree in Swine Production and Clinical Practice contains the most complete and up-to-date academic program on the market. The most important features include: 

• The latest technology in online teaching software
• A highly virtual teaching system, supported by graphic and schematic contents that are easy to assimilate and understand
• Practical cases presented by practicing experts
• State-of-the-art interactive video systems
• Teaching supported by telepractice
• Continuous updating and recycling systems
• Autonomous learning: full compatibility with other occupations
• Practical exercises for self-evaluation and learning verification
• Support groups and educational synergies: questions to the expert, debate and knowledge forums
• Communication with the teacher and individual reflection work
• Content that is accessible from any fixed or portable device with an Internet connection
• Supplementary documentation databases are permanently available, even after finishing the course

A comprehensive, specialized program that will allow you to acquire the most advanced knowledge in all specialized areas of veterinarian intervention”

Our teaching staff is made up of professionals in different fields related to this specialty. That way, TECH ensures to offer you the up-to-date knowledge it intends to. A multidisciplinary team of professionals specialized and experienced in different environments, who will develop the theoretical knowledge in an efficient way, but above all, they will bring their practical knowledge from their own experience to the course: one of the differential qualities of this training.

The efficiency of the methodological design of this Master's Degree, enhances the student's understanding of the subject. Developed by a multidisciplinary team of e-learning experts, it integrates the latest advances in educational technology. This way, you will be able to study with a range of easy-to-use and versatile multimedia tools that will give you the necessary skills you need for your training.  

The design of this program is based on Problem-Based Learning: an approach that conceives learning as a highly practical process. To achieve this remotely, TECH uses online learning: with the help of an innovative, interactive video system, and learning from an expert, you will be able to acquire the knowledge as if you were actually dealing with the scenario you are learning about. A concept that will allow students to integrate and focus their learning in a more realistic and permanent way. 

With the experience of working professionals and the analysis of real success stories, in a high-impact educational approach"

Our innovative telepractice concept will give you the opportunity to learn through an immersive experience, providing you with a faster integration and a much more realistic view of the contents: “Learning from an expert"

The contents have been developed by different experts, with a clear purpose: to ensure that our students acquire each and every one of the skills necessary to become true experts in this field.  

A complete and well-structured program that will take you to the highest standards of quality and success.   

A comprehensive teaching program, structured in well-developed teaching units, oriented towards learning that is compatible with your personal and professional life"

Module 1. The Swine Sector   

1.1. The Importance of the Swine Sector

1.1.1. The Swine Sector at a Global Level
1.1.2. The Importance of the Swine Industry for the Rural World

1.2. Morphological and Physiological Characteristics in Pigs

1.2.1. External Morphology
1.2.2. Anatomy and Digestive and Respiratory Physiology
1.2.3. Anatomy and Characteristics of the Locomotor System

1.3. Breeds, Crosses and Genetic Lines in Swine Production

1.3.1. The Main Swine Breeds
1.3.2. Crossbreeding and Genetic Lines in White Pigs
1.3.3. Selection and Genetic Improvement

1.4. Management Systems in Swine Production

1.4.1. Swine Production Features
1.4.2. Intensive White Pig System
1.4.3. Alternative Production Systems

1.5. Swine Facilities and Housing: Environmental Control

1.5.1. Reproductive Farm Facilities and Housing
1.5.2. Transition Farm Facilities and Housing
1.5.3. Fattening Farm Facilities and Housing

1.6. Legislation: Farm Management, Animal Welfare and Occupational Risk Prevention Audits and Certifications

1.6.1. Farm Management and Biosafety Regulations
1.6.2. Animal Welfare Regulations
1.6.3. Occupational Hazards

1.7. Farm By-Products and Waste Management

1.7.1. Carcass Management
1.7.2. Slurry Management
1.7.3. Other By-Product Management

1.8. Work Organization: Technical Management and Production Costs

1.8.1. Production and Optimization Management
1.8.2. Staff Management
1.8.3. IT Management and Production Costs

1.9. Pork and Pork Product Food Safety, Hygiene and Quality 

1.9.1. Food Safety
1.9.2. Pork Quality
1.9.3. The Problem of Sexual Odor in Pork

Module 2. Breeding Females 

2.1. Genital Apparatus Anatomy in Sows: Reproductive Physiology

2.1.1. Embryology
2.1.2. Anatomy
2.1.3. Histology
2.1.4. Physiology
2.1.5. Practical Applications on Farms

2.2. Puberty: Puberty Management

2.2.1. Puberty
2.2.2. Factors Influencing the Onset of Puberty
2.2.3. Puberty Induction
2.2.4. Puberty Diagnosis

2.3. Future Breeding Female Selection

2.3.1. Early Puberty
2.3.2. Genital Apparatus Development
2.3.3. Weight and Body Condition
2.3.4. Poise
2.3.5. Temperament and Adaptability

2.4. Reproductive Cycles in Sows

2.4.1. Reproductive Cycle Characteristics and Phases
2.4.2. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis Function
2.4.3. Follicular and Luteal Dynamics
2.4.4. Luteolisis

2.5. Induction of Estrus: Delayed Puberty Treatment

2.5.1. Reproductive Hormone Classification
2.5.2. Gonadotropic Hormone Features
2.5.3. Induction of Estrus
2.5.4. Delayed Puberty Treatment

2.6. Estrus Synchronization

2.6.1. Progestogen Features
2.6.2. Estrus Synchronization Protocol
2.6.3. Causes of Estrus Synchronization Failure
2.6.4. Practical Applications on Farms

2.7. First Insemination

2.7.1. Age
2.7.2. Weight and Body Condition
2.7.3. Number of Estrus Cycles
2.7.4. Practical Recommendations

2.8. Nulliparous Sow Diet

2.8.1. Replacement Sow Needs in Fattening
2.8.2. Diet Strategies
2.8.3. Flushing 

2.9. Main Reproductive Parameters

2.9.1. Indicator Description
2.9.2. Wean-to-Estrus Interval and Wean-to-Fertile Mating Interval
2.9.3. Fertility
2.9.4. Prolificity
2.9.5. Breeding Sows and Neonatal Mortality
2.9.6. Non-Productive Days
2.9.7. Other Parameters

2.10. Hyperprolific Sow Reproductive Features

2.10.1. Definition
2.10.2. Reproductive Possibilities and Limitations
2.10.3. The Importance of Follicular Development and Ovulation Rate
2.10.4. The Influence of Uterine Capacity

Module 3. Estrus Detection and Artificial Insemination 

3.1. Teaser Male

3.1.1. Teaser Male Features: Preparation Techniques for Teaser Males 
3.1.2. Teaser Male Care, Diet and Housing 
3.1.3. Managing Teaser Males in Heat Detection: Pair-Housed Males 

3.2. Heat Detection

3.2.1. Immobility Reflex 
3.2.2. Ovarian Ultrasound 
3.2.3. Other Heat Detection Techniques 

3.3. Semen Preparation in Artificial Insemination  

3.3.1. Semen Management from the Insemination Center to the Farm  
3.3.2. Semen Request, Reception and Storage
3.3.3. Semen Doses Assessment: Semen Collection 

3.4. Identifying the Right Time for Artificial Insemination

3.4.1. Physiological Features of Oocytes  
3.4.2. Physiological Features of Sperm 
3.4.3. Choosing the Right Time for Adequate Artificial Insemination 

3.5. Cervical Artificial Insemination

3.5.1. Materials 
3.5.2. Methods 
3.5.3. Productive Results 

3.6. Post-Cervical Artificial Insemination

3.6.1. Materials 
3.6.2. Methods 
3.6.3. Productive Results 

3.7. Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination 

3.7.1. Management Optimization for Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination 
3.7.2. GnRH agonists Application for Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination  
3.7.3. Encapsulated Semen Use 

3.8 Semen Additive Use during Insemination 

3.8.1. Potential Improvement of Semen Quality, Fertility and Prolificacy Results  
3.8.2. Semen Additive Types and Features 
3.8.3. Productive Results 

3.9 Other Reproductive Biotechnologies

3.9.1. Deep Intrauterine Artificial Insemination 
3.9.2. Embryo Transfer 
3.9.3. In Vitro Fertilization 

3.10 Incidents in Artificial Insemination: Further Aspects 

3.10.1. Reflux, Bleeding and Infections  
3.10.2. "Inseminate and Release" Technique

Module 4. Sows: Gestation, Farrowing and Lactation 

4.1. Pregnancy Diagnosis: Work Organization in Pregnant Sows 

4.1.1. Pregnancy Diagnosis  
4.1.2. Work Organization in Pregnant Sows
4.1.3. Planning Mating and Gestational Objective  

4.2. Gestation Physiology 

4.2.1. First-Third Gestation: Implantation 
4.2.2. Second-Third Gestation: Embryogenesis  
4.2.3. Third-Third Gestation: Fetal Growth and Appendages 

4.3. Pregnant Sow Management

4.3.1. First-Third Gestation 

4.3.1.1. Detecting the Most Frequent Management Errors  
4.3.1.2. Proper Management  

4.3.2. Second-Third Gestation 

4.3.2.1. Detecting the Most Frequent Management Errors  
4.3.2.2. Proper Management  

4.3.3. Third-Third Gestation  

4.3.3.1. Detecting the Most Frequent Management Errors  
4.3.3.2. Proper Management 

4.4. Pregnant Sow Diet 

4.4.1. Diet Curve in Pregnant Sows 
4.4.2. Pregnant Sow Needs 
4.4.3. Pathology associated with Dietary Failure during Gestation 

4.5. Peripartum Physiology 

4.5.1. Three Day Prepartum
4.5.2. Birth 
4.5.3. First Four Day Postpartum 

4.6. Sow Management during Peripartum

4.6.1. Delivery Preparation 

4.6.1.1. Detecting the Most Frequent Management Errors  
4.6.1.2. Proper Management  

4.6.2. Delivery Management 

4.6.2.1. Detecting the Most Frequent Management Errors  
4.6.2.2. Proper Management  

4.6.3. First Four Day Postpartum Management

4.6.3.1. Detecting the Most Frequent Management Errors 
4.6.3.2. Proper Management  

4.7. Sow Diet during Peripartum 

4.7.1. Sow Diet Curve during Peripartum
4.7.2. Sow Needs during Peripartum 
4.7.3. Pathology associated with Dietary Failure during Peripartum 

4.8. Reproductive Physiology during Lactation 

4.8.1. Lactation Physiology  
4.8.2. Uterine Involution and Ovarian Activity Onset 

4.9. Sow Management during Lactation 

4.9.1. Common Errors in Sow Management during Lactation
4.9.2. Environment Management  
4.9.3. Proper Sow Management during Lactation 
4.9.4. Wet Nurse Preparation 

4.10. Sow Diet during Lactation 

4.10.1. Sow Diet Curve during Lactation
4.10.2. Sow Needs during Lactation 
4.10.3. Pathology associated with Dietary Failure during Lactation 

Module 5. Piglets 

5.1. Facilities and Environment Control in the Maternity Ward

5.1.1. General Housing Criteria in the Labor-Lactation Phase  
5.1.2. Piglet Environmental Needs 
5.1.3. Types: Fixed and Removable Cages 
5.1.4. New Facility Models: Group Lactation 

5.2. Neonatal Care 

5.2.1. Primary Care  
5.2.2. Suckling Piglet Physiology  

5.3. Colostrum 

5.3.1. What Is Colostrum? 
5.3.2. Colostrum Function 
5.3.3. Techniques to Improve Piglet Colostrum 
5.3.4. Immunology and Perinatal Mortality  

5.4. Adoptions and Nurturing 

5.4.1. The Litter Problem in Hyperprolific Sows
5.4.2. Piglet Selection for Adoption 
5.4.3. Types of Adoption: 24 Hours vs. 24 Days after Birth 
5.4.4. Advantages and Disadvantages of Adoption 

5.5. Litter Processing: Iron Deficiency Anemia

5.5.1. Routine Litter Processes or Treatments  
5.5.2. Iron Deficiency Anemia  
5.5.3. Piglet Diet during Lactation  

5.6. Non-Infectious Pathology in Newborns

5.6.1. Congenital Malformations  
5.6.2. Litter Heterogeneity  
5.6.3. Other Pathologies  

5.7. Piglet Management during Weaning

5.7.1. Age at Weaning: Early vs. Conventional Weaning 
5.7.2. Post-Weaning Stress: Causes and Corrective Measures   
5.7.3. Intestinal Health  

5.8. Facilities, Environment Control and Diet for Weaned Piglets

5.8.1. Different Types of Enclosed vs. Open Housing in Weaning 
5.8.2. Piglet Environmental Needs in Weaning  
5.8.3. Diet

5.9. Piglet Management and Diet during Fattening: Immunocastration 

5.9.1. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Influencing Piglet Growth 
5.9.2. Different Phased Production Systems: Conventional, Isowean and Wean-to-Finish Systems 
5.9.3. Male Immunocastration 
5.9.4. Female Immunocastration 
5.9.5. Welfare during Fattening  

5.10. Piglet Behavior and Welfare

5.10.1. Newborn Piglet Behavior: Cannibalism, Intra-Litter Competition, etc.
5.10.2. Weaned Piglet Behavior: Hierarchization, Socialization, etc.
5.10.3. Welfare in Maternity Wards 
5.10.4. Weaned Piglet Welfare

Module 6. Gestation and Maternity: Main Diseases 

6.1. Parvovirus: Leptospirosis Brucelosis 

6.1.1. Introduction  
6.1.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
6.1.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
6.1.4. Diagnosis 
6.1.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

6.2. Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) 

6.2.1. Introduction  
6.2.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
6.2.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
6.2.4. Diagnosis 
6.2.5. Control and Prevention 

6.3. Neonatal Diarrhea caused by E. Coli 

6.3.1. Introduction  
6.3.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
6.3.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
6.3.4. Diagnosis 
6.3.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

6.4. Clostridiosis 

6.4.1. Introduction  
6.4.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
6.4.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
6.4.4. Diagnosis 
6.4.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

6.5. Rotavirus 

6.5.1. Introduction  
6.5.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
6.5.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
6.5.4. Diagnosis 
6.5.5. Control and Prevention 

6.6. Coccidiosis and Other Parasitic Diseases 

6.6.1. Introduction  
6.6.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
6.6.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
6.6.4. Diagnosis 
6.6.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

6.7. Streptococci 

6.7.1. Introduction  
6.7.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
6.7.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
6.7.4. Diagnosis 
6.7.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

6.8. Glassër's Disease 

6.8.1. Introduction  
6.8.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
6.8.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
6.8.4. Diagnosis 
6.8.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

6.9. Aujeszky’s Disease 

6.9.1. Introduction  
6.9.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
6.9.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
6.9.4. Diagnosis 
6.9.5. Control and Prevention 

6.10. Health Legislation 

6.10.1. Introduction  
6.10.2. The Concept of One Health 
6.10.3. World Organization for Animal Health International Standards (OIE) 
6.10.4. General Animal Health Legislation 
6.10.5. Current Plans for the Prudent Use of Antimicrobial Agents 

Module 7. Transition and Fattening: Main Diseases 

7.1. Transition and Fattening: Main Diseases 

7.1.1. Swine Respiratory Complex 
7.1.2. Introduction  
7.1.3. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
7.1.4. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
7.1.5. Diagnosis 
7.1.6. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

7.2. Influenza: Atrophic Rhinitis Bordetellosis 

7.2.1. Introduction  
7.2.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
7.2.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
7.2.4. Diagnosis 
7.2.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

7.3. Swine Enzootic Pneumonia and Pleuropneumonia 

7.3.1. Introduction  
7.3.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
7.3.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
7.3.4. Diagnosis 
7.3.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

7.4. Swine Circovirosis 

7.4.1. Introduction  
7.4.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
7.4.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
7.4.4. Diagnosis 
7.4.5. Control and Prevention 

7.5. Post-Weaning Colibacillosis 

7.5.1. Introduction  
7.5.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
7.5.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
7.5.4. Diagnosis 
7.5.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

7.6. Salmonellosis, Transmissible Gastroenteritis and Swine Epidemic Diarrhea 

7.6.1. Introduction  
7.6.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
7.6.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
7.6.4. Diagnosis 
7.6.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

7.7. Swine Dysentery: Proliferative Enteropathy 

7.7.1. Introduction  
7.7.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
7.7.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
7.7.4. Diagnosis 
7.7.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

7.8. African Swine Fever: Classical Swine Fever Red Disease

7.8.1. Introduction  
7.8.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
7.8.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
7.8.4. Diagnosis 
7.8.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

7.9. Parasitic Diseases (Ascaris, Trichinellosis, Cysticercosis) 

7.9.1. Introduction  
7.9.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
7.9.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
7.9.4. Diagnosis 
7.9.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention 

7.10. Vesicular and Skin Diseases 

7.10.1. Introduction  
7.10.2. Etiology, Epidemiology and Pathogenesis 
7.10.3. Clinical Signs and Lesions 
7.10.4. Diagnosis 
7.10.5. Treatment, Control and Prevention

Module 8. Reproductive Failure in Sows 

8.1. Identifying Reproductive Failure on the Farm

8.1.1. Computerized Production Management Systems
8.1.2. Sterility
8.1.3. Infertility
8.1.4. Subfertility in Hyperprolific Sows
8.1.5. Diagnostic Tests

8.2. Estrus Repetition

8.2.1. Types and Causes
8.2.2. Cyclical Repetition
8.2.3. Non-Cyclical Repetition
8.2.4. Control Mechanisms

8.3. Embryonic and Fetal Mortality during Gestation

8.3.1. Environmental Miscarriages
8.3.2. Nutritional Miscarriages
8.3.3. Infection-Caused Miscarriages
8.3.4. Sows at Farrowing
8.3.5. Fetal Mummification and Maceration
8.3.6. Stillborn Piglets
8.3.7. Diagnosis and Control Mechanisms

8.4. "Dirty" Sow Syndrome

8.4.1. Identification, Types and Origin of Vulvar Secretions
8.4.2. Causes
8.4.3. Diagnosis
8.4.4. Treatment and Control
8.4.5. Complications
8.4.6. Prevention

8.5. Puerperal Pathology in Sows

8.5.1. Postpartum Metritis
8.5.2. Postpartum Mastitis
8.5.3. Postpartum Dysgalactia Syndrome
8.5.4. Metritis, Mastitis and Agalactia Syndrome

8.6. Ovarian Cysts

8.6.1. Types of Ovarian Cysts
8.6.2. Diagnosis
8.6.3. Treatment and Control
8.6.4. Para-Ovarian Cysts
8.6.5. Ovarian Neoplasms

8.7. Mycotoxicosis and Reproduction

8.7.1. Mycotoxin Origin and Types
8.7.2. Zearelanone Effects on Reproductive Processes
8.7.3. Diagnostic Methods
8.7.4. Mycotoxin Control on the Farm

8.8. Seasonal Infertility in Sows

8.8.1. Etiology
8.8.2. Summer Anestrus
8.8.3. Anestrus Diagnosis
8.8.4. Induction of Estrus with Gonadotropins
8.8.5. Anestrus Prevention

8.9. Pseudo-Anestrus

8.9.1. Etiology
8.9.2. Pseudo-Anestrus Diagnosis
8.9.3. Hormone Control: Progestogens and Prostaglandins
8.9.4. Pseudo-Anestrus Prevention

8.10. Other Causes of Infertility in Sows

8.10.1. Obesity
8.10.2. Second Labor Syndrome
8.10.3. Cystitis and Other Urinary Problems
8.10.4. Limping
8.10.5. Others

Module 9. Boars 

9.1. Boar Genital Apparatus Anatomy: Reproductive Physiology

9.1.1. Embryonic Development 
9.1.2. Genital Apparatus Anatomy 
9.1.3. Hormones Involved in Reproduction 
9.1.4. Sperm and Sperm Formation 
9.1.5. Sperm Maturation and Interaction at the Uterine Level 

9.2. The Boar as a Future Breeder 

9.2.1. Management from Birth to Fattening 
9.2.2. Puberty and Sexual Development 
9.2.3. Selecting Boars 

9.2.3.1. Testicular Size 
9.2.3.2. Libido 
9.2.3.3. Age 
9.2.3.4. Poise and Conformation 
9.2.3.5. Body Condition 

9.3. Facilities and Biosafety at Insemination Centers: Critical Points

9.3.1. External Biosafety 

9.3.1.1. Localization 
9.3.1.2. Quarantine 
9.3.1.3. Supply Area 
9.3.1.4. Slurry and Carcass Deposit 
9.3.1.5. Others 

9.3.2. Internal Biosafety 

9.3.2.1. Staff Flow 
9.3.2.2. Facility Cleaning and Disinfection 
9.3.2.3. Animal Health Control 
9.3.2.4. Ejaculate Health Control 
9.3.2.5. Biosafety in Dose Delivery 

9.3.3. Installations 

9.3.3.1. Barnyard Area 
9.3.3.2. Laboratory 
9.3.3.3. Other Areas 

9.4. Boar Diet 

9.4.1. Energy Needs 
9.4.2. Protein Needs 
9.4.3. Fiber Needs 
9.4.4. Vitamin Needs 
9.4.5. Mineral and Other Needs 
9.4.6. Water 
9.4.7. Diet Management 

9.5. Sperm Collection and Boar Reproductive Management at Insemination Centers

9.5.1. The Staff 
9.5.2. Task Planning 
9.5.3. Training 
9.5.4. Extraction Pace 
9.5.5. Pommel Horses and Extraction Pens 
9.5.6. Extraction 

9.6. Semen Processing and Preservation: Semen Freezing

9.6.1. General Routine Parameters 
9.6.2. Seminal Motility Analysis 

9.6.2.1. Agglutination or Clumping 
9.6.2.2. Movement Quality 

9.6.3. Seminal Concentration Analysis 
9.6.4. Semen Analysis Abnormal forms 
9.6.5. Endosmosis and Osmotic Resistance Tests 
9.6.6. Seminal Dilution 

9.6.6.1. Diluents 
9.6.6.2. Distilled Water 
9.6.6.3. Dilution Temperature 

9.6.7. Packaging and Cooling Curve  
9.6.8. Semen Conservation 
9.6.9. Critical Points 
9.6.10. Semen Freezing 

9.7. Factors Affecting Sperm Production and Common Causes of Boar Removal from Insemination Centers

9.7.1. Breed and Age 
9.7.2. Season: Temperature and Photoperiod 
9.7.3. Extraction Pace 
9.7.5. Other Factors 
9.7.6. Most Common Causes for Elimination 

9.7.6.1. Semen Quality 
9.7.6.2. Semen Contamination 
9.7.6.3. Genetics 
9.7.6.4. Physical Problems  

9.8. Semen Transmitted Diseases

9.8.1. Viral Pathogen Entry 

9.8.1.1.  Brucellosis 
9.8.1.2.  Leptospirosis 
9.8.1.3.  Aujeszky 
9.8.1.4. PRRS 
9.8.1.5. Parvovirus 
9.8.1.6. Circovirus 
9.8.1.7. Others 

9.8.2. Bacterial Pathogen Entry 
9.8.3. Prevention Measures for Pathogen Entry 

9.9. Boar Reproductive Pathology 

9.9.1. General Considerations on Genital Analysis in Slaughterhouses 
9.9.2. Testicular Abnormalities 
9.9.3. Epididymal Abnormalities 
9.9.4. Pampiniform Plexus Abnormalities 
9.9.5. Histopathology Study 

9.10. Sub-Fertile Boars and New Semen Analysis Techniques

9.10.1. What Is a Sub-Fertile Boar? 
9.10.2. New Semen Analysis Techniques to Identify Sub-Fertile Boars  
9.10.3. Flow Cytometry 
9.10.4. In Vitro Fertilization 
9.10.5. Sperm Sexing 
9.10.6. Karyotype 
9.10.7. Others 

Module 10. Anesthesia and Surgery 

10.1. Pain and Pain Assessment

10.1.1. Definition of Pain 
10.1.2. Pain Physiopathogenesis 
10.1.3. Signs of Pain in Swine 
10.1.4. Pig Grimace Scale for Pain Assessment 
10.1.5. Implications and Consequences of Pain 

10.2. Anesthesia and Analgesia

10.2.1. General Concepts  
10.2.2. Anesthetic and Analgesic Drugs in Swine 
10.2.3. Immobilization or Chemical Containment Techniques 
10.2.4. Injectable General Anesthesia Techniques 
10.2.5. Inhalation General Anesthesia Techniques 
10.2.6. Locoregional Anesthesia Techniques 
10.2.7. Prolonged Analgesia  

10.3. Surgical Castration

10.3.1. Introduction 
10.3.2. Anesthesia in Swine Castration 
10.3.3. Analgesia in Swine Castration 
10.3.4. Surgical Castration Techniques 
10.3.5. Postoperative Complications 

10.4. Hernia Surgical Resolution

10.4.1. Introduction 
10.4.2. Diagnosis and Hernia Types 
10.4.3. Anesthesia in Hernia Surgery Resolution 
10.4.4. Analgesia in Hernia Surgery Resolution 
10.4.5. Surgical Technique in Hernia Surgery Resolution 
10.4.6. Postoperative Complications

10.5. Caudophagia

10.5.1. Definition of Caudophagia 
10.5.2. Etiology 
10.5.3. Types of Cuadophagia 

10.6. Rabbeting

10.6.1. Definition of Rabbeting 
10.6.2. Rabbeting Methods 
10.6.3. Rabbeting Consequences and Implications 
10.6.4. Alternatives to Rabbeting 

10.7. Cesarean Section, Rectal Prolapse and Uterine Prolapse

10.7.1. Cesarean Section Objectives and Indications 
10.7.2. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Cesarean Sections 
10.7.3. Surgical Cesarean Section Techniques 
10.7.4. Rectal Prolapse: Definition and Etiology 
10.7.5. Anesthesia and Analgesia for the Resolution of Rectal Prolapses 
10.7.6. Surgical Technique for the Resolution of Rectal Prolapse 
10.7.7. Vaginal Prolapse: Definition and Etiology 
10.7.8. Anesthesia and Analgesia for the Resolution of Vaginal Prolapses 
10.7.9. Surgical Technique for the Resolution of Vaginal Prolapse 

10.8. Euthanasia and Animal Welfare

10.8.1. Introduction and Definitions 
10.8.2. Animal Welfare Regarding Slaughter and Euthanasia 
10.8.3. Stunning and Slaughtering 
10.8.4. Decision Criteria for Euthanasia 
10.8.5. Animal Management during Euthanasia 
10.8.6. Euthanasia Methods on the Farm 

10.9. Swine as Experimental Animals

10.9.1. Introduction 
10.9.2. Physiological Considerations for Swine 
10.9.3. Anesthetic Considerations for Swine 
10.9.4. Anesthetic Technique Selection 
10.9.5. Anesthetic Procedure Monitoring 
10.9.6. Anesthetic Complications

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